Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

The United Nations' Role in Managing the Conflict in South Sudan, 2013-2022: A Focus on Protection of Civilians (PoC) and Humanitarian Assistance

Received: 1 April 2025     Accepted: 18 April 2025     Published: 19 May 2025
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

In a very brief moment of calm in the wake of South Sudan's independence, the country plunged into an armed conflict despite various attempts at mediation and sanctions. Amid such despicable circumstances, the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) intervened to shape choices and interventions to manage the conflict. Some of such intervention domains included Protection of Civilians (PoC) and Humanitarian Assistance. To this effect, this research assessed conflict management by the United Nations in South Sudan with a focus on Protection of Civilians (PoC) and Humanitarian Assistance. The research used primary as well as secondary sources. For the primary sources, the study utilised the instrument of the interview to purposively sample 12 stakeholders who have in-depth knowledge of the subject matter from a population of 50. The secondary source relied on data from textbooks, scholarly, reviewed articles in journals, periodicals, magazines, etc., related to the subject matter. Findings from this study showed that the UN’s effort in managing the conflict was very significant, as it protected civilians. This was done by providing space within its compounds to those fleeing brutal and widespread violence, among others. Findings also showed that UNMISS facilitated the delivery of humanitarian aid like food, shelter, healthcare, and education. The work recommends that more attention by UNNIMISS is needed to South Sudan's socio-economic development for all South Sudanese. There is a need for belligerent groups to prioritize building trust, cooperation, and confidence to firmly implement peace agreements in their attempt to bring long-lasting peace to the country.

Published in Journal of Political Science and International Relations (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.jpsir.20250802.13
Page(s) 71-77
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Assistance, Civilians, Conflict, Humanitarian, Protection

References
[1] Adam, D; Charles, T. H, He. Y, Liezelle, K. (2019). Assessing the Effectiveness of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS). Norwegian Institute of International Affairs. Oslo, Norway.
[2] African Union (2015) Final Report of the African Union Commission of Inquiry on South Sudan. Addis Ababa retrieved from
[3] Agaba, H., & Upkabio, E. D. (2023). Implications of Cross-Border Proliferation of Small and Light Weapons (SALWs) for Nigeria’s National Security: A Study of Kaduna State, 2010-2020. International Journal of Science, Technology, and Society. 11(1) 17- 25.
[4] Al Jazeera (2014). South Sudan President Fires Cabinet, Accessed 22 May 2018.
[5] Amnesty International (2017) “Do not remain silent” survivors of sexual violence in South Sudan call for justice and reparations, retrieved
[6] Chatziastrou, C. (2025). One hundred thirty years of armed conflict: Challenges and opportunities in technology adoption. Journal of Military Studies. 1(1)1-20,
[7] De Waal, A. (2014). Visualizing South Sudan: The Culprit: The Army, World Peace Foundation. Retrieved from
[8] Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect (2018): South Sudan. Retrieved from http://www.globalr2p.org/regions/south_sudan
[9] Human Rights Officer (2025), United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS). Retrieved from
[10] Hunt, C. (2020). A review of UNMISS's political strategy in South Sudan. United Nations University. Centre for Policy Research
[11] Inter-Agency Standing Committee (2019). Leadership in Humanitarian Action: Handbook for the UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator. Retrieved from
[12] International Peace Institute (2024). Prioritizing and Sequencing Security Council Mandates in 2024: The Case of UNMISS. Retrieved from
[13] Kelly, O. O., Crispinous, I, & Kennedy, O (2024). The Nature of the United Nations Peace Mission in South Sudan. African Journal of Empirical Research 5(1) 710- 724.
[14] Natios, A. S. (2012). Sudan, South Sudan, and Darfur: What everyone needs to know. OUP USA.
[15] Nyadera, I. N. (2018). South Sudan conflict from 2013 to 2018: Rethinking the causes, situation and solution. African Journal on Conflict Resolution. 18(2) 59-86.
[16] Payton, K. (2017). If Trump does nothing, 50% of South Sudan's population could soon be gone. The Guardian. Accessed 2020,
[17] Ryan, K, & Kilroy, W (2024). Institutionalising an Emergency Response:’ Protection of Civilians’ Sites at UN Bases in South Sudan as a Way to Deal with Violence Against Communities. 26(1)126-159.
[18] Stamnes, E (2015). The United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS): Protecting Civilians in a Volatile Environment. Norwegian Institute of International Affairs’ Policy Brief. Retrieved from
[19] UNDP & WFP (2023) Humanitarian Assistance and State Building in Conflict-affected South Sudan: Lessons Emerging for Nexus Programming. Retrieved from
[20] UNICEF (2023). Increased food insecurity in South Sudan exacerbates threats to the lives of millions of children in urgent need of protection. Press release.
[21] UNIMISS (2025) Mandate of the United Nations Missions in South Sudan. Retrieved from
[22] UNMISS News (2015) United Nations supports medical care, food assistance, and nutrition surveys. Retrievedfrom
[23] United Nations Economic & Social Council (2014) Implementation of integrated, coherent and coordinated support to South Sudan by the United Nations system Report of the Secretary General. Retrieved from
[24] United Nations Security Council-UNSC (2023) Resolution 2677 (2023). Retrieved from
[25] United Nations (2020). South Sudan Peace Process Linked to Strength of International Engagement, Special Representative Tells Security Council. Meetings Coverage and Press Releases.
[26] Vhumbunu, C. H. (2018). Reviving peace in South Sudan through the revitalised peace agreement: understanding the enablers and possible obstacles. conflict trends, 2018(4), pp. 3-11.
[27] Wel, P. (2013). Oil dependence is South Sudan's boon – and bane, The National, 10 September. Accessed 13 May 2018.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Halidu, A., Blessing, U. C., Chioma, E., Akinsola, C. (2025). The United Nations' Role in Managing the Conflict in South Sudan, 2013-2022: A Focus on Protection of Civilians (PoC) and Humanitarian Assistance. Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 8(2), 71-77. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jpsir.20250802.13

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Halidu, A.; Blessing, U. C.; Chioma, E.; Akinsola, C. The United Nations' Role in Managing the Conflict in South Sudan, 2013-2022: A Focus on Protection of Civilians (PoC) and Humanitarian Assistance. J. Polit. Sci. Int. Relat. 2025, 8(2), 71-77. doi: 10.11648/j.jpsir.20250802.13

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Halidu A, Blessing UC, Chioma E, Akinsola C. The United Nations' Role in Managing the Conflict in South Sudan, 2013-2022: A Focus on Protection of Civilians (PoC) and Humanitarian Assistance. J Polit Sci Int Relat. 2025;8(2):71-77. doi: 10.11648/j.jpsir.20250802.13

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.jpsir.20250802.13,
      author = {Agaba Halidu and Umeh Chioma Blessing and Elekwachi Chioma and Charles Akinsola},
      title = {The United Nations' Role in Managing the Conflict in South Sudan, 2013-2022: A Focus on Protection of Civilians (PoC) and Humanitarian Assistance
    },
      journal = {Journal of Political Science and International Relations},
      volume = {8},
      number = {2},
      pages = {71-77},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jpsir.20250802.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jpsir.20250802.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jpsir.20250802.13},
      abstract = {In a very brief moment of calm in the wake of South Sudan's independence, the country plunged into an armed conflict despite various attempts at mediation and sanctions. Amid such despicable circumstances, the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) intervened to shape choices and interventions to manage the conflict. Some of such intervention domains included Protection of Civilians (PoC) and Humanitarian Assistance. To this effect, this research assessed conflict management by the United Nations in South Sudan with a focus on Protection of Civilians (PoC) and Humanitarian Assistance. The research used primary as well as secondary sources. For the primary sources, the study utilised the instrument of the interview to purposively sample 12 stakeholders who have in-depth knowledge of the subject matter from a population of 50. The secondary source relied on data from textbooks, scholarly, reviewed articles in journals, periodicals, magazines, etc., related to the subject matter. Findings from this study showed that the UN’s effort in managing the conflict was very significant, as it protected civilians. This was done by providing space within its compounds to those fleeing brutal and widespread violence, among others. Findings also showed that UNMISS facilitated the delivery of humanitarian aid like food, shelter, healthcare, and education. The work recommends that more attention by UNNIMISS is needed to South Sudan's socio-economic development for all South Sudanese. There is a need for belligerent groups to prioritize building trust, cooperation, and confidence to firmly implement peace agreements in their attempt to bring long-lasting peace to the country.
    },
     year = {2025}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - The United Nations' Role in Managing the Conflict in South Sudan, 2013-2022: A Focus on Protection of Civilians (PoC) and Humanitarian Assistance
    
    AU  - Agaba Halidu
    AU  - Umeh Chioma Blessing
    AU  - Elekwachi Chioma
    AU  - Charles Akinsola
    Y1  - 2025/05/19
    PY  - 2025
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jpsir.20250802.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jpsir.20250802.13
    T2  - Journal of Political Science and International Relations
    JF  - Journal of Political Science and International Relations
    JO  - Journal of Political Science and International Relations
    SP  - 71
    EP  - 77
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-2785
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jpsir.20250802.13
    AB  - In a very brief moment of calm in the wake of South Sudan's independence, the country plunged into an armed conflict despite various attempts at mediation and sanctions. Amid such despicable circumstances, the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) intervened to shape choices and interventions to manage the conflict. Some of such intervention domains included Protection of Civilians (PoC) and Humanitarian Assistance. To this effect, this research assessed conflict management by the United Nations in South Sudan with a focus on Protection of Civilians (PoC) and Humanitarian Assistance. The research used primary as well as secondary sources. For the primary sources, the study utilised the instrument of the interview to purposively sample 12 stakeholders who have in-depth knowledge of the subject matter from a population of 50. The secondary source relied on data from textbooks, scholarly, reviewed articles in journals, periodicals, magazines, etc., related to the subject matter. Findings from this study showed that the UN’s effort in managing the conflict was very significant, as it protected civilians. This was done by providing space within its compounds to those fleeing brutal and widespread violence, among others. Findings also showed that UNMISS facilitated the delivery of humanitarian aid like food, shelter, healthcare, and education. The work recommends that more attention by UNNIMISS is needed to South Sudan's socio-economic development for all South Sudanese. There is a need for belligerent groups to prioritize building trust, cooperation, and confidence to firmly implement peace agreements in their attempt to bring long-lasting peace to the country.
    
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Sections