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Prevalence of Camel Mange Mite and Associated Risk Factors in Gomole District, Borana Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Yohannis Teshome,
Kula Jilo,
Nura Kararsa,
Zelalem Zegeye,
Zemanay Guyo,
Tura Duba
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
88-92
Received:
29 April 2021
Accepted:
2 July 2021
Published:
13 July 2021
Abstract: Camel mange is an extremely pruritic and contagious disease of camel caused by a small parasite Sarcoptes scabiei var cameli. It is transmitted by direct or indirect contact, is one of the most important parasitic diseases affecting camel. Camel mange is economically important disease that hinders productivity and health of camel. In Borana pastoral area camel play a pivotal role in the livelihoods; however, there was no any study on the prevalence and risk factors associated with camel mange in Gomole district of Borana zone. Therefore, a cross sectional study was conducted between May to November 2021 to determine prevalence of camel mange mites and associated risk factors in Gomole district. a total of 384 animals were randomly selected and subjected to skin scrapings to recover mange from suspected lesions which was later on examined under microscope, out of the entire camels examined 96 (25%) camels were found positive for mange mite infestation. Only Sarcoptes scabiei var. cameli was identified as the only mite species in all skin scraping samples collected from the suspected mange mite lesions. Only body condition and herd size were shown statistically significant difference in prevalence of mange mites (P<0.05), while PA, sex and age showed no significant variation on mange infestation (P>0.05). This study indicates that camel papulations in Gomole woreda harbours mange mites which could hamper health and production status of the camels. Therefore, more emphasis should be given to improve the management system, further studies and control measures should be conducted to shrink the effect of mange mite infestation on camel husbandry.
Abstract: Camel mange is an extremely pruritic and contagious disease of camel caused by a small parasite Sarcoptes scabiei var cameli. It is transmitted by direct or indirect contact, is one of the most important parasitic diseases affecting camel. Camel mange is economically important disease that hinders productivity and health of camel. In Borana pastora...
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Constraints Identification and on Station Evaluation of Hormonal Assisted Artificial Insemination on Reproductive Performance of Horro Cattle in Western Oromia, Ethiopia
Dereje Bekele,
Tesfaye Mideksa
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
93-98
Received:
25 July 2021
Accepted:
3 August 2021
Published:
11 August 2021
Abstract: The study was conducted in Guto gida, Diga and Sibu sire districts of East Wollega, Bako tibe and Ilu galan district of West Shaw zones and on station in Bako agricultural research center with the objectives to assess constraints associated with hormonal assisting artificial insemination and to evaluate the response of Horro cattle (Bos indicus) cows after estrous synchronization. In this study, structured questioner was used and a total of 204 respondents (180 small holder dairy farmers, 8 animal health workers, 8 animal production professionals and 8 AI technicians were interviewed. Retrospective data from specified districts were also included to identify constraints associated with hormonal assisting artificial insemination in the study areas. The study indicated that most of the respondents (93.33%) were got information/ took training on the issue of mass estrous synchronization and AI services before the commencement of the program. However, most of the respondents (57.78%) had moderate knowledge on heat detection and only few (27.22%) of them can keep the record of their synchronized cows/heifers. The main restraints for the low success rate of on farm hormone assisted artificial insemination (estrus synchronization) were identified as failure of conception (42.22%), using poorly managed cows/heifers (15%), difficulty in heat detection by the farmers (13.89%), skill gap and unavailability of artificial insemination technicians (AITs) (12.78%) and poor hormonal responses (11.11%) and the assessment made on farm in comparison with observational test made on station indicated that there were minimum or very few problems with estrus synchronization since majority of cows hormonally treated were conceived as that of normally cycling animals. Therefore, to enhance the genetic potential of indigenous dairy cows through cross breeding scheme, revising of the existing hormone assisted estrus synchronization, artificial insemination delivery system, improving the ability of farmers and experts on the handling of frozen semen and management of dairy cows/heifers before and after hormonal synchronization should be due in place. Moreover, awareness creation should be done to change the attitude of farmers on hormone assisted estrus synchronization.
Abstract: The study was conducted in Guto gida, Diga and Sibu sire districts of East Wollega, Bako tibe and Ilu galan district of West Shaw zones and on station in Bako agricultural research center with the objectives to assess constraints associated with hormonal assisting artificial insemination and to evaluate the response of Horro cattle (Bos indicus) co...
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Assessment on Cattle Breeding Practice and Production System Associated with Their Environmental Implication in Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
99-106
Received:
2 September 2020
Accepted:
23 September 2020
Published:
12 August 2021
Abstract: This paper reviewed Cattle breeding practice and production system associated with their environmental implication in Ethiopia, like breeding practice; feed; production and environmental implications on cattle production. The issue of cattle and the production systems that support them is of the utmost significance if Ethiopia is to improve its social and economic stability. Crop-cattle interaction farming systems have been viewed as the poverty saving net for resource-poor rural farmers in the country where the farmers are generally poor and unable to afford conventional fertilizers for soil fertility maintenance. The potentials for increased cattle production and the productivity is proportionally lowered by various cattle management problems, prevalence of major endemic diseases, poor feeding and high stocking rate on grazing lands, lack of support services such as extension services, veterinary services, insufficient data to plan improved services and inadequate information on how to improve animal breeding, marketing, and processing. Empowering small holder producers so that they can provide high quality sustainable cattle production with an identified market destination and they will have access to basic production in put, credit, market related information. Creating strong relationship among various actors. The ministry of agriculture should established necessarily quarantine at appropriate location and introduce necessary products.
Abstract: This paper reviewed Cattle breeding practice and production system associated with their environmental implication in Ethiopia, like breeding practice; feed; production and environmental implications on cattle production. The issue of cattle and the production systems that support them is of the utmost significance if Ethiopia is to improve its soc...
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Current Status of Ancylostoma Species in Domestic and Wild Animals and Their Zoonotic Implication: Review
Merga Daba,
Misgana Naramo,
Gelana Haile
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
107-114
Received:
26 July 2021
Accepted:
6 August 2021
Published:
13 August 2021
Abstract: Hookworm species are mainly an endo-parasite of cats and dogs and others animals including man. Next to roundworm (Ascaris suum) and whipworm (Trichuris trichuria) infections, hookworm infections ranked third in terms of disease load in humans. Among hookworms, Ancylostoma species are highly prevalent in various species of domestic and wild animals, including humans, and mostly found in Asia and tropical countries. People who live in poor resource countries are more vulnerable than in developed countries. Hookworms in children cause mental impairment that leads to cognitive impairment. Similarly, a disability-adjusted life year (DALY) occurs in hookworms, particularly Ancylostoma infects children due to physical impairment. In animals, hookworm may cause diarrhea, stunted growth, and anemia and even lead to death in young animals. Furthermore, Ancylostoma causes cutaneous larva migrans, eosinophilic enteritis, and anemia and finally may cause death in humans. As a result of urbanization, climate change, and land degradation, there are various Ancylostoma species which are newly emerging in animals. Currently, the Ancylostoma is a great concern both in humans and animals, particularly in resource poor countries. The Ancylostoma infection may require governmental and public attention. Therefore, a control and prevention strategy strongly requires integration between medical and veterinary communities to improve environmental and personal hygiene.
Abstract: Hookworm species are mainly an endo-parasite of cats and dogs and others animals including man. Next to roundworm (Ascaris suum) and whipworm (Trichuris trichuria) infections, hookworm infections ranked third in terms of disease load in humans. Among hookworms, Ancylostoma species are highly prevalent in various species of domestic and wild animals...
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Factors Predicting the Good Level of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Heads of Household and Nursing Staff on Canine Rabies in the City of Matadi, DRC
Marthe Ndenge Hello,
Prince Kimpanga,
Paulin Mutombo,
Phillipe Kone,
Dani Yassa Ndjakani,
Vincent Bonkela,
Parfait Ndongo,
Blaise Makoso Nimi,
Nkembi Nzuzi
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
115-120
Received:
26 June 2021
Accepted:
15 July 2021
Published:
19 August 2021
Abstract: Rabies is a viral zoonosis caused by several viruses of the Genus Lyss virus, including all mammals are sensitive. The disease is responsible for 55,000 deaths with a lethality of 100%, per year worldwide; between 2011 and 2012, it caused death in Asia (31,000 deaths), and (24,000 deaths) in Africa. An endemic zoonosis in the DRC especially in the province of central Congo (Matadi), causing 131 deaths including 14 between 2009 and 2011 An analytical (quantitative) study was conducted in the city of Matadi in Kongo Central in order to determine the predictive factors of level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of rabies, on a sample of 422 participants interviewed. The results show that the factors linked to the correct CAP level for rabies were as follows: male sex (OR = 3.068; p = 0.000); good knowledge of the clinical signs of rabies (OR = 6.467; p = 0.000); dog breeding (OR = 2.138; p = 0.001); and a good knowledge of means of prevention of rabies (OR = 6.217; p = 0.000); It is important to encourage the breeding of dogs in a tethered lifestyle, promote awareness and a health education program aimed at spreading the principles of rabies prevention and control in order to correct some common misconceptions in the population.
Abstract: Rabies is a viral zoonosis caused by several viruses of the Genus Lyss virus, including all mammals are sensitive. The disease is responsible for 55,000 deaths with a lethality of 100%, per year worldwide; between 2011 and 2012, it caused death in Asia (31,000 deaths), and (24,000 deaths) in Africa. An endemic zoonosis in the DRC especially in the ...
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Parasternal Thoracotomy: Review of Twenty-Eight Cases
Massimo Frizzi,
Laura Ballarini,
Davide Costa,
Nicola De Quarto
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
121-127
Received:
2 August 2021
Accepted:
16 August 2021
Published:
24 August 2021
Abstract: Pericardiectomy is the preferred surgical procedure for the treatment of pericardial effusions with cardiac tamponade. Surgery is indicated in all cases of recurrent effusions after pericardiocentesis. In the literature, the most frequently used surgical procedure is subtotal pericardiectomy. More recently, minimally invasive techniques have allowed a reduction of morbidity compared to traditional procedures. Aim of this paper is to selectively use the new minimally invasive pericardiectomy technique already described in our previous article and to document the results in a series of twenty-eight cases. Twenty-eight dogs underwent complete blood and urine tests, ultrasound examination, pericardiocentesis and CT scan. In all cases the pericardiectomy was performed via a left parasternal thoracotomy through the seventh intercostal space. All the portions of resected pericardium were measured and histologically examined. All dogs had a neoplastic mass at the base of the heart and no recurrence of the pericardial effusion. All dogs were discharged 24 hours after surgery. Parasternal pericardiectomy may be a good option for the minimally invasive treatment of recurrent pericardial effusions, particularly in the presence of neoplastic lesions of the heart base. The morbidity of the approach is similar to that of other known procedures but it is potentially faster and easier to perform. No dedicated instrumentation is required.
Abstract: Pericardiectomy is the preferred surgical procedure for the treatment of pericardial effusions with cardiac tamponade. Surgery is indicated in all cases of recurrent effusions after pericardiocentesis. In the literature, the most frequently used surgical procedure is subtotal pericardiectomy. More recently, minimally invasive techniques have allowe...
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