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Effects of Biochar and Rhizobium Inoculation on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Common Bean at Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia
Abdulkedir Bediru Shekedir
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2022
Pages:
165-176
Received:
18 August 2022
Accepted:
13 September 2022
Published:
11 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20221005.11
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Abstract: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a vital grain legume tremendously prioritized for meals and the marketplace in Ethiopia. However, the productiveness of common bean is low at country-wide in addition to zonal tiers. Poor soil fertility, due to soil acidity, is one of the factors that affect the growth and yield of beans. The low productivity of beans is likewise associated with decreased nodulation in acid soils. The use of Rhizobium inoculation (RI) may improve nodulation but nutrient uptake by the crop under acidic conditions is very low. Biochar (BC) has been reported to be of potential value in improving soil properties and in reducing the harmful effects caused by soil acidity. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to determine the effects of BC and RI on growth, yield, and yield component of common bean at Jimma under lath house conditions. The treatments consisted of three levels of BC (0, 5, and 10 t ha-1) and two levels of RI (RI1 and RI0). The experiment was laid out in RCBD with four replications. Results revealed that combined application of BC and RI highly significantly (P < 0.01) influenced the number of nodules, nodule dry weight, root dry weight, root volume, number of pods, and seed yield and significantly (p < 0.05) influenced days to physiological maturity, number of effective nodules, nodule volume, pod length and number of seed per pods. Combined application of 10 ton ha-1 BC with RI1 increased pod number and seed yield over sole applications of RI, and when compared to the control. In general, the results of this study indicated that the combined application of BC and RI1 has a promising positive effect on yield and yield components of common bean. Hence, the combined application of 10 tons of BC ha-1 with RI1 resulted in maximum seed yield and yield components of common bean. However, since the data was obtained from lath house conditions, it will be worth repeating the experiment under field conditions but care has to be taken upon transferring the result, to draw sound conclusions and recommendations.
Abstract: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a vital grain legume tremendously prioritized for meals and the marketplace in Ethiopia. However, the productiveness of common bean is low at country-wide in addition to zonal tiers. Poor soil fertility, due to soil acidity, is one of the factors that affect the growth and yield of beans. The low productivity ...
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Pre-scaling Up of Improved Haricot Bean Varieties in Lowlands and Mid-Highlands of Borana Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia
Feyissa Desiso,
Ahmed Mohammed Abdulla,
Yonas Asefa
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2022
Pages:
177-182
Received:
20 September 2022
Accepted:
24 October 2022
Published:
29 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20221005.12
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Abstract: This research was undertaken in the Yabello and Abaya districts of Borana and West Guji zone, Southern Oromia with the objective of disseminating the already tested and selected varieties of haricot bean, Hawassa-Dume and Batu to the farming community. The districts were chosen purposively based on the potentiality for Haricot bean production and accessibility to road; and one potential peasant association (PA’s) from each district was selected. A total of 24 experimental farmers, twelve (12) from each PA’s were chosen. Then, 86 participant farmers and other stakeholders were given training by multi-disciplinary team of agronomist, pathologists and agricultural extensionst researchers on importance of technology and its agronomic practices. Two haricot bean varieties, Hawassa-Dume and Batu were sown on 0.25 ha of trial farmers’ fields. A seed rate of 80kg/ha and 100 DAP kg/ha were used with a line spacing of 35 cm between rows. Consequently, a total of 24 farmers were reached, 480kg seed was distributed and an area of 6ha was covered. A mini field day was prepared and a total of 86 participants were attended. The overall grain yield performances of two improved varieties were 12.8 and 5.7 quintals per hectare for Hawassa-Dume and Batu respectively. The research intervention had improved the production and productivity, knowledge and skill of participated farmers. At completion of the research project, an exit strategy was designed to ensure its sustainability. Therefore, all concerned bodies should scale up/out those varieties within the study districts and similar agro ecology to improve the production and productivity of haricot bean in the region.
Abstract: This research was undertaken in the Yabello and Abaya districts of Borana and West Guji zone, Southern Oromia with the objective of disseminating the already tested and selected varieties of haricot bean, Hawassa-Dume and Batu to the farming community. The districts were chosen purposively based on the potentiality for Haricot bean production and a...
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Rhizobium Inoculation and Intercropping Affected on Physiological Response, and Yield Performance of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties
Shemeles Tesfaye Shumet,
Hussien Mohammed Beshir,
Tewodros Aylawe
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2022
Pages:
183-191
Received:
19 September 2022
Accepted:
26 October 2022
Published:
30 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20221005.13
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Abstract: The field experiment was carried out at Hawassa, during the 2020 cropping season with the objectives to evaluate the impact of maize-common bean intercropping and inoculation on physiological response, nodulation and yield of common bean. The treatments consist of two common bean varieties (Hawassa Dume, Nassir), two levels of inoculation (HB-429 inoculated, un-inoculated) and three spatial arrangements (Sole Common bean, Maize one row - Common bean one row, and Maize one row - Common bean two rows). The treatments were laid out in a factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and comprising twelve treatments. Data on physiological variables, nodulation, and yield of common bean were recorded. The results revealed that the main effect of spatial arrangements highly significantly (P < 0.001) affected the Chlorophyll A and Chlorophyll B, transpiration rate, and intercellular CO2 concentration which were the highest on sole cropping common bean. The interaction effects of spatial arrangements and inoculation significantly (P < 0.01) affected the total chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence resulted in the maximum value on sole cropping with inoculated (HB-429). The interaction effects of spatial arrangements and inoculation significantly (P < 0.01) affected the number of nodules plant-1, nodule dry weight plant-1, number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1, grain yield and above ground biomass yield. The highest grain yield of 2.54 t ha-1 was recorded from on sole cropping common bean with inoculated (HB-429) can be used at Hawassa, and areas with similar agro-ecology.
Abstract: The field experiment was carried out at Hawassa, during the 2020 cropping season with the objectives to evaluate the impact of maize-common bean intercropping and inoculation on physiological response, nodulation and yield of common bean. The treatments consist of two common bean varieties (Hawassa Dume, Nassir), two levels of inoculation (HB-429 i...
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Effects of Blended Fertilizer and Nitrogen Rates on Yield and Yield Components of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) at Tole Village, Gimbi District West Wollega, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2022
Pages:
192-202
Received:
26 July 2022
Accepted:
31 August 2022
Published:
31 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20221005.14
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Abstract: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the world leading cereal crop for human utilization, with cultivated area of almost 150 million hectares and a total production of almost 600 million mega grams annually. The cultivation of rice in Ethiopia is of more recent history than its utilization as a food crop. The production and productivity of the crop under farmers’ field conditions is low (about 2600 kg of rice grain ha−1 on the average) compared to its yield levels under farmers’ conditions in other parts of the world due to low soil fertility. Therefore, experiment was conducted at Tole village, Gimbi District, West Wollega, Oromia, Ethiopia from June - December during the main rainy season of 2019. The experiment consisted of factorial combination of four levels of blended fertilizer (0, 100,150 and 200kgha-1) and four level of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 46, 69, and 92kgha-1) which was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The data was recorded on phenology, growth and yield related parameters of the crop. The results had shown that the main effects of rates of blended fertilizer and nitrogen were significant (P < 0.01) difference on different growth parameters, yield and yield components of rice. There were significant interaction effect on rates of blended fertilizer and nitrogen on days to heading, days to maturity and grain filling period. Earliest days to heading and maturity were recorded by the interaction of no blended and no nitrogen fertilizer, whereas latest days to heading and maturity was recorded at 200kgh-1BF and 200kgha-1Urea. The maximum grain yield was obtained as fertilizer rates increased. However, the partial budget analysis indicated that application of 100kg of BF ha-1 and 46kg of N fertilizer resulted higher marginal rates of return (1,781% and 823.1%) respectively. It could, thus, concluded that application of 100kgBF ha-1 and 100kg Nha1 resulted in optimum growth and grain yield of the crop. Hence, application of inorganic fertilizer for the production of rice resulted the highest yield and benefits for the growers in the study area, but further study is needed in the future for recommendation.
Abstract: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the world leading cereal crop for human utilization, with cultivated area of almost 150 million hectares and a total production of almost 600 million mega grams annually. The cultivation of rice in Ethiopia is of more recent history than its utilization as a food crop. The production and productivity of the crop under farm...
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