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A Cross-sectional Study of the Epidemiological Characteristics of Hypertension in a Mass Screening of Adult Volunteers at the Renaissance University Hospital
Adam Ahamat Ali,
Assane Kaboré,
Narcisse Doune,
Abdel-madjid Zakaria,
Yaya Kichiné Mahamat,
Yusra Adam
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
1-4
Received:
3 December 2021
Accepted:
29 December 2021
Published:
8 January 2022
Abstract: Introduction: Hypertension is a major public health problem and an important area of research due to its high prevalence. It remains to be the leading cause of death globally and a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with other complications. Its management is a major challenge in our society; the large disparities in the regional burden of hypertension are accompanied by low levels of awareness, treatment and control rates. The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of hypertension and its associated risk factors. This is a cross-sectional study conducted at the Renaissance University Hospital in June 2021 during a screening campaign and to raise awareness for hypertension. Its adult volunteers aged 18 years and older were present. The data was collected individually by interview using a collection form. Results: The sample consisted of 350 volunteers with 227 males (64.86%) with a sex ratio of 1.84. The mean standard deviation of total age was 38.96 (12.31) years. The prevalence of hypertension was present in 22.28% of participants (n=78). Male was predominant among hypertensive inviduals (65.38%) and the mean standard deviation age of hypertensives was 42.85 (13.42) years. Associated risk factors were predominantly hyperglycaemia; 26.9% of cases (n=94), alcohol consumption; 23.43% of cases (n=82) and obesity; 16% of cases (n=56). Conclusion: This study shows a high prevalence of hypertension and it concerns predominantly males. It affects young adults and the main associated cardiovascular risk factors were oage, obesity, alcohol consumption and hyperglycaemia.
Abstract: Introduction: Hypertension is a major public health problem and an important area of research due to its high prevalence. It remains to be the leading cause of death globally and a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with other complications. Its management is a major challenge in our society; the large dispariti...
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Primary PCI in Patients Admitted with Cardiogenic Shock and STEMI: Outcome and Predictors of In-hospital Mortality
Samir Mostafa Kotb Hatem,
Mohamed Elsayed Abderhman,
Ahmed Abdelhameed Rozza,
Mostafa Mokarrab
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
5-13
Received:
4 December 2021
Accepted:
27 December 2021
Published:
20 January 2022
Abstract: Background: It is a well-known phenomenon that cardiogenic shock (CS) is a serious complication of acute myocardial infarction. The mortality rate is approximately 50% even with rapid revascularization, optimal medical care, and use of mechanical support. Aim of the Work: To investigate the outcome of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients admitted with cardiogenic shock and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and the predictors of in-hospital mortality. Patients and Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted in the national heart Institute, Alazhar University, and Military hospitals in the period from 6/2019 to 9/2021 on fifty six consecutive patients presenting to Alazhar University hospitals, National Heart Institute (NHI), Military hospitals. Results: The prevalence of dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus were significantly higher among died patients than those who survived. The degree of LV impairment was significantly higher among patients who died than those who survived. As regard to PCI procedure characteristics, TIMI flow post PCI (Conclusion: Multi-vessel coronary artery disease, TIMI flow after PCI (grade III), and ↑ CK-MB (72-hour serial measurement), were all found to be significant predictors of in-hospital mortality. The onset from chest pain to ED arrival and the door-to-balloon time were higher than that reported in the previous studies. The use of IABP was not found to have a significant predictor effect on the different outcome among our patients with STEMI.
Abstract: Background: It is a well-known phenomenon that cardiogenic shock (CS) is a serious complication of acute myocardial infarction. The mortality rate is approximately 50% even with rapid revascularization, optimal medical care, and use of mechanical support. Aim of the Work: To investigate the outcome of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI...
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Evaluation of Left Atrial Functions in Diabetic Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: Strain Imaging Study
Mohamed Elnoamany,
Mohamed Yahia,
Mohammed Gaber,
Fatma Alzahraa Zain
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
14-21
Received:
8 January 2022
Accepted:
21 January 2022
Published:
28 January 2022
Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) have intimate relationship, which is the most common reason of morbidity and death in diabetic participants. Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in diabetic participants with CAD was investigated by speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE). However, LA function in participants with CAD has not been evaluated with this technique. Objective: To assess left atrial (LA) functions by STE in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: In 50 participants with CAD, two-dimensional strain echocardiographic imaging was done to asses LA function. A control group of twenty healthy people was included. The procedure included both conventional echocardiography and STE. Peak atrial contraction strain (PACS) and peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) were measured as strain parameters. Results: PALS and PACS strain were significantly decreased among patient group than control group (18.46±6.41 versus 52.07±7.8%, P < 0.001 and 9.92±7.74 versus 20.03±1.35%, P < 0.001 respectively). Conclusion: LA strain Parameters is impaired in diabetic patients in comparison with control in spite of normal LV function.
Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) have intimate relationship, which is the most common reason of morbidity and death in diabetic participants. Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in diabetic participants with CAD was investigated by speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE). However, LA function in participants with C...
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Comparison of Hemodynamic Significant Coronary Stenosis Using Artificial Intelligence and Conventional Cross Sectional Area in CT Coronary Angiography
Atul Kapoor,
Goldaa Mahajan,
Aprajita Kapoor
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
22-31
Received:
4 February 2022
Accepted:
24 February 2022
Published:
3 March 2022
Abstract: Objectives: This was study was designed to compare the accuracy of estimation of coronary stenosis in patients with stable coronary artery disease using artificial intelligence based technique and conventional cross sectional area method using hemodynamically significant stenosis based on CTFFR as the gold standard for significant ischemia. Background: Although detection of degree of stenosis on coronary angiography as well Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) forms the backbone of management plan of a patient with suspected coronary artery disease there is a discordance in the results between both the techniques for estimation of stenosis as well as 20-30% interobservor variation in the results in the stenosis estimation based on conventional angiography method. So a more robust method is needed using modern techniques like artificial intelligence to address this problem. Methods: CTA’s of 100 consecutive patients of stable coronary artery disease were evaluated for coronary stenosis on per vessel and per patient basis using conventional cross section method and using artificial intelligence with hemodynamic significant stenosis using CT FFR < 0.8 as the gold standard for ischemia and the results compared. Results: Cross sectional area method revealed significant stenosis > 50% in 184 (61.2%) vessels per vessel basis and in 65% on per patient basis while the AI method showed significant stenosis in all the 232 (77.2%) per vessels and in 89% per patient basis out of which 81% were hemodynamically significant. 18% of cases were not assessable by cross section method due to heavy vessel calcifications. Sensitivity and specificity on per patient basis by cross section method and AI method were 80%, 57% and 98% and 90% respectively with a false negative and positive of 19%, 42% by cross section method and 1.3%, 10% by AI method respectively with overall accuracy of 76% and 97% respectively of the two methods. Conclusion: AI method of estimation of coronary stenosis is more accurate and robust than conventional area estimation method in clinical practice especially when patients have higher vessel coronary calcium.
Abstract: Objectives: This was study was designed to compare the accuracy of estimation of coronary stenosis in patients with stable coronary artery disease using artificial intelligence based technique and conventional cross sectional area method using hemodynamically significant stenosis based on CTFFR as the gold standard for significant ischemia. Backgro...
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Hypertension: Prevalence and Associated Factors in Gabonese Youth and Adolescents
Elsa Ayo Bivigou,
Bridy Moutombi Ditombi,
Ornella Mbang Nguema,
Reinne Moutongo,
Bedrich Pongui,
Bernadette Ekomi,
Patricia Mawili-Mboumba,
Marielle Karine Bouyou-Akotet
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
32-38
Received:
28 February 2022
Accepted:
22 March 2022
Published:
29 March 2022
Abstract: Background: Early detection of hypertension is necessary to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension in high school students from Libreville, the capital city of Gabon and to identify their associated factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and analytical study carried out on a population of students enrolled in two professional technical high schools in Libreville during the 2018-2019 school years. The collection of students was done randomly in the two establishments after parental consent and administrative authorizations. The sample size was calculated using the Daniel Sharwtz's formula. The parameters collected were anamnestic, socio-demographic and clinical. The National High Blood Pressure and European Cardiology Society 2017 classifications were used for the analysis of blood pressure in children and young adults respectively. Results: A total of 613 students with mean an age of 20.3±2.5 years were included. Sex ratio was 2.3. Prevalence of hypertension was 19.4% and the following factors were found to be independently associated with hypertension: obesity (OR: 2.62, [1.30-5.27]), overweight (OR: 2.52, [1.30-4.89]), male sex (OR: 2.13, [1.29-3.52]) and age over 18 (OR: 13.5, [6.6-27.4]). Conclusions: Hypertension is frequent in school students from this region. Awareness of associated factors and screening campaigns within school establishments are necessary to reduce complications in adulthood.
Abstract: Background: Early detection of hypertension is necessary to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension in high school students from Libreville, the capital city of Gabon and to identify their associated factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and analytical study carried out o...
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Evaluation of Lipid Profile on Hypertensive Patients: An Observational Study from North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Diana Shintawati Purwanto,
Yanti Meilen Mewo,
Edmond Leonard Jim
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
39-44
Received:
1 March 2022
Accepted:
24 March 2022
Published:
31 March 2022
Abstract: Hypertension is a major cause of premature death worldwide and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia is 34.11%, and about 95% of hypertension in Indonesia is essential hypertension of unknown cause and multifactorial. Dyslipidemia is characterized by an increase or decrease in the lipid fraction in plasma. Patients with hypertension who are accompanied by dyslipidemia have a risk of 18.1 times more likely to develop coronary heart disease than those without dyslipidemia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and relationship between lipid profile levels and blood pressures of hypertensive patients in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 132 inpatients and outpatients with hypertension. Physical examinations including systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) and body mass index (BMI) were performed. Fasting lipids including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were evaluated. Overall, 79.5% of the subjects had dyslipidemia, and more prevalent in females and over 45 years of age. The most common type of dyslipidemia observed was hypercholesterolemia (51.5%), followed by high LDL-C (34.1%), elevated TG (31.8%), and low HDL-C (31.1%). There were statistically significant correlations found between lipid profiles and other cardiovascular risk factors only in females, namely a positive correlation between LDL-C and DBP and a negative correlation between HDL-C and age. As conclusion, the prevalence of dyslipidemia in this study was high. A statistically significant positive correlation between lipid profile and blood pressures was found only in females.
Abstract: Hypertension is a major cause of premature death worldwide and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia is 34.11%, and about 95% of hypertension in Indonesia is essential hypertension of unknown cause and multifactorial. Dyslipidemia is characterized by an increase or decrease in the lipid fraction...
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Angiographic Correlates of Acute ST Elevation Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction with or Without Right Ventricular Involvement
Soumik Ghosh,
Salini Mukhopadhyay,
Tusharkanti Patra
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
45-49
Received:
2 March 2022
Accepted:
26 March 2022
Published:
31 March 2022
Abstract: Objectives: Right ventricular infarction (RVI) poses as an added risk factor in patients presenting with acute ST elevation inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI) with considerable high mortality. An early interventional therapeutic strategy after a prompt and accurate non-invasive investigative correlate is needed. Material and methods: We sampled 104 patients diagnosed with inferior wall infarction presenting with angina within 12 hours of angina. Investigations included routine blood investigation, 12 lead and right precordial lead electrocardiography, right ventricular (RV) systolic echocardiographic indices, and coronary angiography. Results: Majority of the patients had angiographic evidence of a dominant distal right coronary artery (RCA) culprit lesion. Those patients having ST elevation in RV4 lead had significantly higher incidences of RVI and high-grade atrio-ventricular (AV) blocks. Elderly diabetic patients with azotemia and deranged liver function predicted RVI among the study population. RV systolic indices like TAPSE was most accurate and S’ was found to be most specific in detecting RVI. Chi square test and multivariate regression analysis of echocardiographic parameters like RVDD, RVMPI, and S’ proved excellent surrogate non-invasive surrogate markers for specific angiographic culprit lesions. Conclusion: RV systolic echocardiographic indices shows a diagnostic accuracy of variable degrees in detecting right ventricular involvement in IWMI patients and also act as a surrogate marker in predicting the culprit lesion.
Abstract: Objectives: Right ventricular infarction (RVI) poses as an added risk factor in patients presenting with acute ST elevation inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI) with considerable high mortality. An early interventional therapeutic strategy after a prompt and accurate non-invasive investigative correlate is needed. Material and methods: We sam...
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