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Epidemiology, Clinical, and Therapeutic Aspects of Chronic Coronary Syndromes in Yaounde-Cameroon: A 10-year Cross-sectional Study
Liliane Mfeukeu-Kuate,
Ba Hamadou,
Jan René Nkeck,
Ahmadou Musa Jingi,
Albert Dipita Sosso,
Jerome Boombhi,
Honoré Kemnang Yemele,
Alain Patrick Menanga
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
50-54
Received:
14 March 2022
Accepted:
6 April 2022
Published:
20 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.11
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Abstract: Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are increasing worldwide with the greatest burden in low-income countries where there is a gradual epidemiologic transition from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases. There is a paucity of data on CVDs in our setting. This study aims to describe the epidemiology, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) in the Cameroonian cardiology setting to highlight the current state of practice to guide efficient epidemiological interventions. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of patients hospitalized in two cardiology units of referral hospitals in the city of Yaoundé between 2010 and 2019 (10 years). Results: Of the 2756 records retrieved, 47 (1.7%) had CCS according to the 2019 European Society of Cardiology guidelines. The mean age was 58 ± 12 years and 63.8% were men. The most common cardiovascular risk factors were hypertension (78.7%), overweight or obesity (84.9%), dyslipidemias (80.9%), smoking (68.1%), and diabetes (67.7%). Chest pain on exertion (74.5%) and exertional dyspnea (70.2%) were the main symptoms. Repolarization disorders (83%) were the most frequent ECG signs. Sequelae of necrosis sequelae were found on ECG in 34% of cases and rhythm disorders in 21.3%. The therapeutic modalities were essentially anti-platelet (95.7%), statins (91.5%), beta-blockers (89.4%), and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (70.2%). Interventional treatments were rarely performed (2.1%). Conclusion: Although chronic coronary syndromes seem uncommon in cardiology hospitalization in Cameroon, public health policies must work to improve the current state of care particularly interventional care.
Abstract: Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are increasing worldwide with the greatest burden in low-income countries where there is a gradual epidemiologic transition from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases. There is a paucity of data on CVDs in our setting. This study aims to describe the epidemiology, clinical, and therapeutic aspec...
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Relationship BetweenTumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, Adiponectin and Metabolic Parameters in Bantu Congolese at Brazzaville with and Without Insulin Resistance
Danny Mafuta-Munganga,
Benjamin Longo-Mbenza,
Reine Freudlendrich Eboka-Loumingou Sakou,
Etienne Mokondjimobe,
Gombet Thierry Raoul Alexis,
Moise Mvitu,
Mireille Nganga,
Christian Kisoka Lusunsi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
55-59
Received:
9 March 2022
Accepted:
24 March 2022
Published:
26 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.12
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Abstract: Back ground: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), adiponectin (ADP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with the risk of cardiovascular or non communicable diseases. Aims: To evaluate the association between TNF-α, ADP, CRP and metabolic markers in Congelese Bantu from Brazzaville. Methods: A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted during the period from July 2018 to February 2021. A total of 233 participants were recruited then divided into 130 healthy participants (control group) and 103 insulin resistant patients (case group). The Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated in order to search for an association between TNFα, ADP and the metabolic markers. An exponential nonlinear regression was used for the analysis of the association between TNFα (dependent variable) and CRP. Results: Participants were aged of 45.5 ± 13.1 years with a median BMI of 25.4 kg/m2, were included in this study. The median values of TNFα, CRP, ADP and HOMA-IR were 96.2 pg/mL, 12.3 mg/L, 8.6 ng/mL and 2.3, respectively. TNFα was positively correlated with anthropometric parameters, CRP and insulin resistance. In contrast, ADP was negatively correlated with anthropometric parameters, CRP and insulin resistance. In control group, the equation was written as TNF alpha = 187 * (1 - 0.96CRP). The model shows that CRP explains 84.62% of the variability of TNFα in healthy participants. In case group, the equation was written as TNF alpha = 186.4 * (1 - 0.95CRP). The model shows that CRP explains 93.65% of the variability of TNFα in insulin-resistant participants. Conclusion: TNF alpha and ADP are associated at NC, WC, WHR, WHtR, LDL, CRP and insulin resistance in Congolese Bantu from Brazzaville.
Abstract: Back ground: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), adiponectin (ADP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with the risk of cardiovascular or non communicable diseases. Aims: To evaluate the association between TNF-α, ADP, CRP and metabolic markers in Congelese Bantu from Brazzaville. Methods: A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted...
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Critical Review of Subclinical Atherosclerosis: Perspectives on Medical Imaging Around the Carotid Intima Media
Yanda Tongo Stéphane,
Longo-Mbenza Benjamin,
Lelo Tshikwela Michel,
Makulo Risasi Jean Robert,
Molua Aundu Antoine,
Kisoka Lusunsi Christian,
Mawalala Malengele Héritier,
Monkondjimobe Etienne
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
60-74
Received:
27 March 2022
Accepted:
25 April 2022
Published:
12 May 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.13
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Abstract: Background and aims: This review article was conducted for educational purposes to address a general overview of subclinical atherosclerosis, with the aim of reducing information bias with valid and reliable data around subclinical atherosclerosis with medical imaging perspectives around the carotid intima media. Methods: The steps summarizing the flowchart of information selection related to the use of engines providing English and French publications between 1997 and 2022 were followed. Results: The given results relevant to the history, morphology, atherogenesis, epidemioclinics (morbidity and mortality), anatomophysiology and morphopathology (circulating markers and biomarkers of endothelial damage, endothelium and structural markers, function of the endothelium, histopathological alterations, pathophysiology/ chronobiology/ atherogenesis, etiopathogeny of carotid atherosclerosis by medical imaging/ definition of complex interactions with cardiometabolic markers/mediators. Conclusion: Understanding the stages of atherosclerosis will enable the clinician and radiologist to improve the management of ischemic heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular pathology.
Abstract: Background and aims: This review article was conducted for educational purposes to address a general overview of subclinical atherosclerosis, with the aim of reducing information bias with valid and reliable data around subclinical atherosclerosis with medical imaging perspectives around the carotid intima media. Methods: The steps summarizing the ...
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Feasibility and Outcome of Endovascular Management of Carotid Artery Stenosis, Egyptian Multicentric Experience
Mohammed Alsagheer Alhewy,
Mahmoud Galal,
Abdelaziz Ahmed Abdelhafez
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
75-80
Received:
2 May 2022
Accepted:
20 May 2022
Published:
26 May 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.14
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Abstract: Background: Internal carotid artery atherosclerotic stenosis is a common cause of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and ischemic strokes. The advance of percutaneous, endovascular therapies for vascular disease has been unremitting. Over the last several decades, but recently Endovascular management and stenting is considered one of the lines of treatment for carotid artery stenosis. Objectives: To report the outcome and follow up of internal carotid artery stenting. Patients and methods: 131 internal carotid artery stenting procedures were done for 131 patients with significant internal carotid artery stenosis at multiple centres, including neurovascular intervention units at Al-Azhar university hospitals (Al-Hussein and Assiut), Mostafa Mahmoud, and Kobbri Elkobba hospitals, Egypt, from February 2019 to March 2021, Patients were followed for 12 months after stenting. Results: Early post-interventional complications included stroke (3.8%), TIA (6.1%), transient bradycardia (3.8%) and local groin hematoma (2.3%). One month later, no new neurological deficits developed and carotid artery duplex showed no restenosis. At the end of follow-up, three patients developed stroke and three patients died (one from acute myocardial infarction and two patients died without known aetiology). The carotid artery duplex showed no cases of restenosis. Conclusion: Carotid artery stenting is a safe, feasible, and efficacious procedure with a low periprocedural risk of stroke or death. Furthermore, the risk of future stroke and rate of significant restenosis during mid-term follow-up appears to be low and carotid stenting can be considered an alternative to carotid endarterectomy, especially in high-risk patients.
Abstract: Background: Internal carotid artery atherosclerotic stenosis is a common cause of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and ischemic strokes. The advance of percutaneous, endovascular therapies for vascular disease has been unremitting. Over the last several decades, but recently Endovascular management and stenting is considered one of the lines of tr...
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