Research Article
Experimental Study on the Influence of Unilateral and Bilateral Plyometric Training on the Lower Limbs Explosive Power of Male Students in Junior High School
Yu Wang*
,
Yuxiu Jiang,
Xiaoyu Wang
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, December 2025
Pages:
155-162
Received:
9 February 2025
Accepted:
24 February 2025
Published:
9 October 2025
Abstract: Purpose: Plyometric training is effective for improving the lower limbs explosive power of athletes, but less is known regarding if male students in junior high school equally benefit from plyometric training. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in male students’ lower limbs explosive power across plyometric training. Method: A sample of students (45 males) in junior high school was cluster randomly assigned to the conventional lower limbs explosive power training group (CLT), the bilateral plyometric training (BPT) and the unilateral plyometric training group (UPT). Pre-tests were conducted on the basic information and five explosive power indices of 45 participants across three groups, followed by post-tests on the experimental indices after the experiment. Subsequently, one-way ANOVA was performed among the three groups for the pre- and post-test data, and paired-samples T-tests were conducted within each group. Results: There were significant differences in the five lower limbs explosiveness test indexes between the three groups and those after the experiment (P<0.01). Conclusion: After an eight-week experiment, UPT BPT and CLT can effectively enhance the lower limb power levels of ordinary junior high school male students. UPT group was better than that of the BPT group and the CLT group in the 50-meter run and 20-meter hop jump index. BPT group was better than that of UPT group and CLT group vertical jump and triple leap frog.
Abstract: Purpose: Plyometric training is effective for improving the lower limbs explosive power of athletes, but less is known regarding if male students in junior high school equally benefit from plyometric training. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in male students’ lower limbs explosive power across plyometric training. Method: A sample ...
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Research Article
Clarifying the Innovation Value of Sports Policy by Network Analysis: Adding the Case of Shohei Ohtani’s Two-way High Performance
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, December 2025
Pages:
163-170
Received:
11 September 2025
Accepted:
19 September 2025
Published:
17 October 2025
Abstract: This study is an empirical study on sports policy. To explore the social value of future sports policy, we extracted key concepts from literature summaries. We used a co-occurrence network analysis to qualify items with a high frequency of occurrence from more than 100 international papers concerned sport policy since 2020. From a total of 28,417 terms, the relationship between “growth”, “culture”, “model”, “country”, “environment” and “SDGs” was extracted as policy structures related to sports policy. In addition, using time series grouping from the past to the present and the future (correspondence analysis), more strategical concrete activities and organizational coordination were oriented. It suggested innovative policy developments in the future. Next, to clarify the modern characteristics of a sports model, we discussed the policy development of MLB Shohei Ohtani's two-way challenge (pitcher and batter). A new model of sports innovation supported by sports medicine and science (performance analysis) might have been proposed. The emergence of sports performances beyond preconceived notions might be due to a policy shift from an athlete-first perspective to past policies. We would like to discuss the possibility that innovation could be generated through mutual aid rather than competitive elimination. It could be a consideration of the social values generated by altruism or coexistence.
Abstract: This study is an empirical study on sports policy. To explore the social value of future sports policy, we extracted key concepts from literature summaries. We used a co-occurrence network analysis to qualify items with a high frequency of occurrence from more than 100 international papers concerned sport policy since 2020. From a total of 28,417 t...
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Research Article
Exploring the Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Cardiovascular Fitness Among Senior High School Athletes in Ghana
Sarpong Emmanuel Osei*
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, December 2025
Pages:
171-183
Received:
24 November 2025
Accepted:
6 December 2025
Published:
30 December 2025
Abstract: This study investigated the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiovascular fitness (CF) among senior high school athletes in Ghana, using VO2max as the primary outcome measure, and compared it with a steady-state cardio program (SSCP). A total of 42 student-athletes were randomly assigned to either the HIIT or SSCP group. A mixed-design ANOVA revealed a significant group effect on VO2max, F (1, 40) = 12.77, p = .001, η² = .24, indicating greater improvement in the HIIT group. An independent samples t-test showed that post-test VO2max scores were significantly higher for the HIIT group than for the SSCP group, t (40) = 7.70, p < .001, 95% CI [1.05, 1.80], with a mean difference of 1.43. Multiple regression analysis further showed that group membership significantly predicted post-test VO2max scores, B = 1.43, t (40) = 9.75, p < .001, η² = .71, controlling for 70.9 % of the variance. The findings support the conclusion that HIIT is more effective than SSCP in improving cardiovascular fitness among senior high school athletes in Ghana. This finding suggests that HIIT may be a time-efficient and impactful training strategy for student-athletes seeking to improve aerobic capacity and overall cardiovascular performance. The study provides practical implications for coaches, physical education instructors, and sports performance professionals by demonstrating that shorter, more intense training sessions can yield superior fitness gains compared to traditional steady-state methods. These results support the integration of HIIT into school-based athletic conditioning programmes, especially in contexts where training time, resources, and facilities are limited. Further research is recommended to examine long-term adaptations, sport-specific performance outcomes, and the applicability of HIIT across different age groups and athletic populations in Ghana.
Abstract: This study investigated the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiovascular fitness (CF) among senior high school athletes in Ghana, using VO2max as the primary outcome measure, and compared it with a steady-state cardio program (SSCP). A total of 42 student-athletes were randomly assigned to either the HIIT or SSCP group. A mix...
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