Research Article
Morphological Trait Characterization of Enset (Ensete ventricosum) Landrace with Quantitative and Qualitative Methods, in Gurage Zone, Central Ethiopia
Ashenafi Mitiku*
,
Kibebew Fikre
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2025
Pages:
54-64
Received:
8 October 2025
Accepted:
18 October 2025
Published:
31 October 2025
Abstract: Enset (Ensete ventricosum) is a perennial plant growing from 1200masl to 3100 masl and used as a major multipurpose crop in Ethiopia. Quantitative characterization of Enset is one of the curtail information to determine the yield of enset and qualitative characterization is important to determine the genetic variability of Enset. Wolkite University was conserving enset landrace since 2014, which is collected in different enset growing areas with the objective of morphological characterization of Enset landrace with both quantitative and qualitative trait characterization methods at the Yefereziye Enset conservation site from 2020 to 2021. The evaluation was conducted as a single plot experiment method with a total of 15 plants within a column, and each plant was planted with the size of 1.5m intervals. The data were collected randomly and tagged with five Enset landraces within a row. The data shows a higher significance (P< 0.001) within the enset landrace. Based on Pseudostem height, Pseudostem circumference, and plant height quantitative characterization, the following enset landrace Ankogena (136.6cm (1.34m), 127.8cm (1.3m) and 466.6cm (4.67m)), Ginbeniye (113.6cm (1.14m), 156cm (1.56m) and 354cm (3.54m)) and Erake (119cm (1.2m), 124.8cm (1.25m) and 410.4cm (4.1m)) enset landrace the higher performance respectively followed by Lemat, Fereziye, Gimbwe and Keribote enset landrace. Whereas the lower enset landrace performance was recorded from Cherkiwe (88cm (0.88m), 60.6cm (0.61m), and 336.6cm (3.4m)) and Ayides 55.4cm (0.55m), 6 8.4cm (0.68m) and 208cm 2.08m)) respectively. From the data, Ankogena, Ginbeniye, and Erake enset landrace were a higher performance compared to another enset landrace and recommended to the local farmer and for all food-insecure countries cultivating enset landrace to improve the livelihood.
Abstract: Enset (Ensete ventricosum) is a perennial plant growing from 1200masl to 3100 masl and used as a major multipurpose crop in Ethiopia. Quantitative characterization of Enset is one of the curtail information to determine the yield of enset and qualitative characterization is important to determine the genetic variability of Enset. Wolkite University...
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Research Article
Effect of Hormone-treatment Duration in in vitro Maturation of Immature Oocytes on Pig Cloning Efficiency
Chang Sin Rim,
Yu Song Kim,
Yong Je Ri,
Ryu Chol Kim,
Chang Gon Sin,
Chol Ho Rim,
Kwang Il To*,
Ui Myong Jong
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2025
Pages:
65-71
Received:
26 September 2025
Accepted:
18 October 2025
Published:
28 November 2025
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the influence of hormone-treatment duration in in vitro maturation of porcine immature oocytes on the pig cloning efficiency. Although there were no significant differences in the maturation rate of immature oocytes and cleavage rate of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos according to the hormone-treatment period (22, 27, 32, 37 and 42 h), the blastocyst rates of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos derived from oocytes cultivated for 22, 27 and 32 h (19.0%, 21.5% and 22.4%, respectively) were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those for 37 and 42 h (13.2% and 12.4%, respectively). In particular, there were significant (P<0.05) increase in the hatching blastocyst rates of 27 and 32 h cultivated groups (13.7% and 16.5%, respectively) compared to 22, 37, 42h cultivated groups (8.2%, 5.6% and 6.7%, respectively). Moreover, the cloning efficiency and the delivery rates of normal lives of 27 (1.4% and 1.2%, respectively) and 32h (1.5% and 1.3%, respectively) cultivated groups were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of 22h cultivated group (0.9% and 0.6%, respectively). To sum up, this study shows that the increase of hormone-treatment duration in in vitro maturation of porcine immature oocytes to a certain extent has a positive impact on the cloning efficiency.
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the influence of hormone-treatment duration in in vitro maturation of porcine immature oocytes on the pig cloning efficiency. Although there were no significant differences in the maturation rate of immature oocytes and cleavage rate of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos according to the hormone-treatment period (22, 2...
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Research Article
Spatio-temporal Ecology of Fasciola Vectors and Co-occurring Trematode Hosts in Kingwal Wetland, Kenya
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2025
Pages:
72-84
Received:
9 September 2025
Accepted:
23 October 2025
Published:
31 December 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.reports.20250504.13
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Abstract: This study examined the spatial and temporal distribution of freshwater snails in Kingwal Wetland, Kenya, to assess their role in fascioliasis transmission. A total of 8,754 snails representing eight species were collected across seven sites over a 12-month period. The dominant species were Lymnaea auricularia (n = 1,192; 13.6%), Radix natalensis (n = 525; 6.0%), and Biomphalaria sudanica (n = 1,838; 21.0%), with L. auricularia and R. natalensis serving as key intermediate hosts of Fasciola gigantica. Spatial analysis revealed significant variation in species composition between sites (χ² = 2,435.1, df = 42, p < 0.001), with Sites 1 and 2 exhibiting the highest species richness and abundance. Temporal trends showed snail abundance peaking during the rainy season (May–August), with the highest monthly count being recorded in May (n = 1,383). Dry-season months such as January and December had the lowest counts, with only 230 and 316 individuals, respectively. R. natalensis exhibited the highest Fasciola infection prevalence, peaking at 29.3% in June, compared to L. auricularia, which peaked at 19.8% in September. A chi-square test for monthly snail distribution confirmed significant seasonal variation (χ² = 839.27, df = 77, p < 0.001), while a Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test showed strong interaction between spatial and temporal factors (CMH = 1,192.37, df = 11, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that fascioliasis transmission risk is highest during wet months and is strongly influenced by habitat stability, vegetation, and anthropogenic activity. The results underscore the need for spatially targeted and seasonally timed control interventions, including habitat management and precision molluscicide application. This study contributes to a growing understanding of wetland ecosystems as dynamic transmission zones for snail-borne diseases and provides a foundation for data-driven fascioliasis control strategies in livestock-dependent communities living in wetland ecosystems.
Abstract: This study examined the spatial and temporal distribution of freshwater snails in Kingwal Wetland, Kenya, to assess their role in fascioliasis transmission. A total of 8,754 snails representing eight species were collected across seven sites over a 12-month period. The dominant species were Lymnaea auricularia (n = 1,192; 13.6%), Radix natalensis (...
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