Research Article
Numerical Simulation of the Performance of the Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based Solar Photovoltaic Cell as a Function of the Space Charge Region Width
Issue:
Volume 15, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
140-147
Received:
17 August 2026
Accepted:
1 September 2026
Published:
20 September 2026
Abstract: In a global context marked by constantly increasing energy demand, dwindling fossil fuel resources, and growing environmental concerns, the search for alternative, clean, and sustainable energy sources has become essential. Several questions remain regarding the production of abundant, low-cost energy without environmental impact. Therefore, optimizing the performance of thin-film photovoltaic (PV) solar cells has been the subject of numerous studies. Our study falls within this perspective and analyzes the role of the space charge region (SCR) in the performance optimization process. The aim of our study is to obtain improved electrical parameters. To achieve this objective, we opted for numerical simulation with One-dimensional Solar Cell Capacities Simulation software (SCAPS-1D) of the Mo/CIGS/CdS/ZnO structure. The results obtained show a significant decrease in the open circuit voltage (VOC) and the fill factor (FF) as the SCR width increases. The short-circuit current density (JSC) values increase with increasing SCR width and reach their maximum at a SCR value of 600 nm. As for the conversion efficiency, the values decrease for 100 nm≤ WSCR≤200 nm then remain almost constant for 200 nmSCR<600 nm. Beyond 600 nm, the conversion efficiency values gradually decrease. All the results show the need for an average SCR to obtain high performance and good stability (200≤WSCR≤700 nm). Future research will consider the effects of donor and acceptor density in the performance optimization process.
Abstract: In a global context marked by constantly increasing energy demand, dwindling fossil fuel resources, and growing environmental concerns, the search for alternative, clean, and sustainable energy sources has become essential. Several questions remain regarding the production of abundant, low-cost energy without environmental impact. Therefore, optimi...
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Research Article
Compact Correlated Hylleraas Wave Functions for the Lithium Isoelectronic Sequence: Ground-State Energies and a Complex-Rotation Assessment
Issue:
Volume 15, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
148-161
Received:
3 September 2026
Accepted:
11 September 2026
Published:
27 September 2026
Abstract: The nonrelativistic ground-state energy of the (1s22s)2S term of atomic lithium and five members of its isoelectronic sequence (Be+, B2+, C3+, N4+, O5+; Z = 3–8) is computed with a correlated Hylleraas-type trial function combined with the complex-rotation (complex-scaling) transformation of the radial coordinates, implemented symbolically and numerically in the computer-algebra system Maxima. Two variational basis sizes, Ω = 9 and Ω = 12, are compared for neutral lithium as a sensitivity test of the complex-scaled stabilization procedure; Ω = 9 gives the closer benchmark agreement and is used as the working basis for the ionic members of the sequence. The resulting energies agree with the multiple-basis-set Hylleraas benchmark of Yan, Tambasco and Drake with relative deviations below 6.1 × 10-3% over Z = 3–8, and with several independent Hylleraas, full-core-plus-correlation, and screening-constant calculations reported in the literature. The evolution of the optimized non-linear parameters with nuclear charge is examined and interpreted in terms of the progressive contraction of the 1s2 core relative to the comparatively stable 2s valence orbital. Because the (1s22s)2S term lies below the first ionization threshold rather than embedded in the continuum, the small imaginary parts produced by the complex-rotation procedure cannot be interpreted as a physical autoionization width; this limitation of applying a resonance-oriented technique to a genuine bound state is discussed explicitly. The present implementation is placed in the context of an earlier complex-rotation study of the same states by Diop et al. (2020), to which it is methodologically related but numerically independent.
Abstract: The nonrelativistic ground-state energy of the (1s22s)2S term of atomic lithium and five members of its isoelectronic sequence (Be+, B2+, C3+, N4+, O5+; Z = 3–8) is computed with a correlated Hylleraas-type trial function combined with the complex-rotation (complex-scaling) transformation of the radial coordinates, implemented symbolically and nume...
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,
Alfred Bayala
