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Research Article
Epidemiological Analysis of Alimentary-Dependent Diseases Among Persons of Fertile Age in Environmentally Hazardous Regions of Ukraine
Matasar Ignat Tymofiiovych*
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
61-67
Received:
11 January 2026
Accepted:
3 March 2026
Published:
23 March 2026
Abstract: The health status of the Ukrainian population affected by the Chornobyl NPP (ChNPP) accident demonstrates a steady downward trend, manifested by higher growth rates of morbidity compared to national averages. The cohort of individuals of fertile age residing in radiation-contaminated territories (RCTs) requires special attention. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of morbidity and mortality from alimentary and alimentary-dependent diseases (ADDs) was conducted among individuals aged 18–49 cohort living in a region with increased environmental hazard (Zhytomyr and Kyiv regions). Official data from medical registers (SRU) for ICD-10 nosological forms for 2019–2021 were used, with calculations of absolute indicators and case fatality rates (%) for age cohorts (18–29, 30–39, and 40–49 years) and gender. It was established that the primary pathological burden is diseases of the circulatory system (DCS) (Class IX), which dominate the structure of morbidity and mortality across all groups. The highest morbidity and critically high case fatality from ischemic heart disease (IHD) were recorded in the 40–49 age group (IHD fatality reached 69.0% in 2020). Among young persons (18–29 years), hypertensive conditions and diseases of the digestive system (Class XI) dominate. Of particular concern is the critically high case fatality from malignant neoplasms (MN) of the digestive organs among young men aged 30–39, which reached 66.7%, indicating aggressive oncopathology and challenges in early diagnosis. Significant gender differences were identified: women more frequently suffer from alimentary anemias and endocrine pathologies related to iodine deficiency. The epidemiological situation indicates a synergistic effect of unbalanced nutrition and environmental stress, necessitating the development of targeted preventive programs considering age and gender specifics.
Abstract: The health status of the Ukrainian population affected by the Chornobyl NPP (ChNPP) accident demonstrates a steady downward trend, manifested by higher growth rates of morbidity compared to national averages. The cohort of individuals of fertile age residing in radiation-contaminated territories (RCTs) requires special attention. A retrospective ep...
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Research Article
Analysis of Tuberculosis Data in the Niono Health District in Mali from 2016 to 2024
Oumar Sangho*
,
Fanta Sangho,
Djibril Barry,
Aminata Diangana,
Lancina Doumbia,
Abou Sogodogo,
Amadou Youssouf Toure,
Mamatal Ag Intagriste,
Mariam Traore,
Mouhamadou Traore,
Ousmane Doumbia,
Yaya Togo,
Abdoul Salam Diarra,
Borodjan Diarra,
Ousmane Boua Togola,
Cheick Abou Coulibaly
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
68-73
Received:
5 March 2026
Accepted:
17 March 2026
Published:
27 March 2026
Abstract: Introduction: Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Koch's bacillus) and remains a major public health problem in many developing countries. This study aimed to analyze tuberculosis data from the Niono health district in Mali from 2016 to 2024. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted using routine data collected from Referral Health Centers (CSRef) and selected Community Health Centers (CSCom) in the Niono district. The study covered data from 2016 to 2024. We analyzed annual incidence rates, the proportions of new cases and relapses, and mortality rates. Data confidentiality was maintained through coding throughout the study. Results: A total of 6,711 suspected TB cases, of which 718 were confirmed (a positivity rate of 10.7%), were recorded in the Niono health district database from 2016 to 2024. Tuberculosis incidence increased from 22.1 cases per 100,000 people in the Niono district in 2021 to 26.7 in 2024. The district saw a high proportion of incident cases in 2024 (19.3%). Notification to community health centers was the most common method, at 35.6%. The district experienced frequent relapses in 2019 and 2024 (18.8% and 18%, respectively). 99% of tuberculosis cases were treated at referral health centers. The mortality rate was estimated at 1.3%. Conclusion: Tuberculosis persists in the Niono health district, with the number of cases fluctuating and rising. The implementation of national strategies is necessary to achieve the objectives of a significant reduction.
Abstract: Introduction: Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Koch's bacillus) and remains a major public health problem in many developing countries. This study aimed to analyze tuberculosis data from the Niono health district in Mali from 2016 to 2024. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted usin...
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Research Article
Assessment of Anti-aging Potential of a Poly-Herbomineral Blend: An in Vitro Study Lead
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
74-79
Received:
26 February 2026
Accepted:
12 March 2026
Published:
30 March 2026
Abstract: Aging is a natural biological phenomenon including oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, cellular senescence and cumulative metabolic dysfunction in human body. In Ayurveda ‘aging’, known as Jara - denotes natural aging process by progressive degradation of body tissues and declined in physiological function. Ayurvedic formulations are well known for their rejuvenation property and to support longevity, vitality and physiological balance. DRDC/2015/003, a Herbo-mineral blend derived by fortification of Chyawanprash with some well-reported Ayurvedic ingredients like Mukta (Pearl calax), Safed musli (Chlorophylum borivilianum) and Kesar (Crocus sativa) responsible for decreasing oxidative stress. Current in vitro study assessed anti-aging potential of DRDC/2015/003, on human fibroblast cell (HFF-1). The non-cytotoxic concentration of DRDC/2015/003 was evaluated by MTT assay, followed by assessment of H2O2 induced beta galactosidase activity as oxidative stress marker. Results indicated to marked reduction (17.1% decrease) in H2O2 induced cellular senescence with β–galactosidase (SA- β-gal) activity, in the test setup as compared with controlled cells setup. Such observed activity of DRDC/2015/003 in reducing H2O2 induced beta galactosidase activity in HFF-1 cells indicated to its significant role in anti- aging property and delaying premature cellular aging.
Abstract: Aging is a natural biological phenomenon including oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, cellular senescence and cumulative metabolic dysfunction in human body. In Ayurveda ‘aging’, known as Jara - denotes natural aging process by progressive degradation of body tissues and declined in physiological function. Ayurvedic formulations are well known...
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Research Article
Statistical Assessment of Food Safety Knowledge Among Consumers in Demerara-Mahaica, Guyana
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
80-91
Received:
6 March 2026
Accepted:
20 March 2026
Published:
2 April 2026
Abstract: Street foods constitute an essential component of urban food access in Guyana. Yet, empirical evidence on consumer food safety knowledge remains scarce, with existing research focused mainly on street food vendors. This study assessed consumer food safety knowledge in Demerara-Mahaica, Guyana, and examined demographic factors associated with high knowledge. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 104 consumers using a structured questionnaire comprising demographic characteristics and 18 food safety knowledge items. Knowledge scores were derived from correct responses and categorized into low, moderate, and high levels. Descriptive analyses summarized overall and item-level knowledge, while Chi-square tests and odds ratios examined associations between knowledge and demographic variables. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify independent predictors of high food safety knowledge. Overall, most consumers demonstrated moderate food safety knowledge, with persistent deficiencies in technical and pathogen-related concepts despite relatively strong awareness of general hygiene practices. Item-level analyses showed significant associations between overall knowledge classification and understanding of microbial contamination, foodborne pathogens, reheating risks, and adverse health outcomes linked to foodborne disease. Bivariate analyses revealed no statistically significant associations between knowledge level and gender, age group, ethnicity, or place of education. In the multivariable model, educational attainment emerged as the only statistically significant independent predictor of high food safety knowledge (adjusted OR = 2.35), while age showed a positive but borderline association. The modest explanatory power of the model (8.8%, Cox & Snell R², and 12.4% Nagelkerke R²) suggests that factors beyond basic demographics alone shape consumer food safety knowledge. These findings indicate that improving consumer food safety in Guyana will require targeted, context-specific education to address technical knowledge gaps, implemented alongside vendor training, infrastructure support, and regulatory measures within informal food systems.
Abstract: Street foods constitute an essential component of urban food access in Guyana. Yet, empirical evidence on consumer food safety knowledge remains scarce, with existing research focused mainly on street food vendors. This study assessed consumer food safety knowledge in Demerara-Mahaica, Guyana, and examined demographic factors associated with high k...
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Research Article
Study of the Costs of Treating End-Stage Renal Failure in Dialysis Patients at the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital (Senegal) in 2019
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
92-104
Received:
13 February 2026
Accepted:
16 March 2026
Published:
20 April 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20261402.15
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Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global public health issue. Its treatment is financially and socially costly, particularly in the terminal stage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the costs of dialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis at the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Dakar. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study with an economic focus from January 2, 2019, to June 21, 2021. A documentary review of medical records was carried out, coupled with the administration of a questionnaire to each patient meeting the inclusion criteria. Data relating to sociodemographic characteristics, epidemiology, and economics were evaluated. The database was analyzed using Epi Info version 7 software. Among the 89 patients included, 58.43% were already in the terminal stage at the time of CKD diagnosis. The initial nephropathy was dominated by vascular nephropathy, followed by CGN and CIDN, with 45.74%, 30.85%, and 10.63%, respectively. The average annual direct costs for PD patients were 1148 057 ± (792 576) CFA francs; for hemodialysis patients, these costs amounted to 1 560 417 ± (1 224 868) CFA francs. The total cost of care for all dialysis patients amounted to 1 481 922 405 CFA francs, of which 698 563 200 CFA francs (47.14%) were covered by the state and 783 359 205 CFA francs (52.86%) by the patients. The average annual cost of biological tests, travel, and special diets was statistically higher for HD patients than for other patients receiving PD (P value < 0.05). Prevention of this condition is essential in its management in order to limit or avoid its negative effects. Kidney transplantation remains a very promising alternative.
Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global public health issue. Its treatment is financially and socially costly, particularly in the terminal stage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the costs of dialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis at the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Dakar. We conducted an analytic...
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