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Performance and Industrialization of Chinese (Sichuan) Hybrid Rice (O. sativa L.) in Burundi
Wenbin Duan,
Baolin Shao,
Liqiang Wang,
Li Yang,
Ke Du,
Haoli Liu,
Zhaoxuan Jian,
Guoying Liu,
Xiaoli Shu,
Qilong Duan,
Yonghua Xie
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, March 2023
Pages:
31-39
Received:
22 February 2023
Accepted:
10 March 2023
Published:
24 March 2023
Abstract: In order to identify new hybrid rice variety with high yield and strong resistance suitable for industrialization development in Burundi, an experiment on resistance and yield of 38 hybrid rice materials from members of Sichuan Seed Association (China) was conducted. the main local popular rice variety V3 was used as the local control material (CK1), and the CXY506 as import contrast materials (CK2). The results showed that most of the varieties provided by the association were resistant to the local rice blast, except for TLYYH and TF-137 varieties, more than 90% varieties the yield was higher than that of the CK1, however, half of the varieties tested had poor resistance to bacterial leaf streak, which provided reference and exploration for the future new varieties such as demonstration, commercial extension, seed production, local breeding and so on. And the local seed production was implemented successfully, the key data of CXY506 seed production have been collected. a high yield production model of CXY506 was established after accurate and careful field operation in different growth phase in Burundi, made the industrialization of CXY506 in local Burundi possible. This will be great help for China and other countries breeders to breed adoptable varieties and market managers to avoid mistakes in Burundi. and will useful to improve Burundi local agriculture economic developments.
Abstract: In order to identify new hybrid rice variety with high yield and strong resistance suitable for industrialization development in Burundi, an experiment on resistance and yield of 38 hybrid rice materials from members of Sichuan Seed Association (China) was conducted. the main local popular rice variety V3 was used as the local control material (CK1...
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Influence of Blended Npsb Fertilizer Rates on Growth of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) Varieties in Bako District, West Shewa Zone
Zalalem Tesso,
Solomon Tulu,
Derbew Belew
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, March 2023
Pages:
40-47
Received:
19 August 2022
Accepted:
4 October 2022
Published:
31 March 2023
Abstract: Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) is one of the most important root crops. It is used as food and economically important crop in Ethiopia. However, its production and productivity is very low due to several factors: lack of information on the type and appropriate rate of fertilizers supplying major plant nutrients, which have been recognized to be deficient in Ethiopian soil and shortage of planting materials supplying system, Hence, a field experiment was conducted at Bako Agricultural Research Center in 2019/2020, to investigate the effect of blended NPSB fertilizer rates and sweet potato varieties on growth, components of sweet potato. Five different rates (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1) of blended NPSB fertilizer and two sweet potato varieties (Dimtu and Tola) were combined in a 5 X 2 factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on growth components were collected and subjected to analyses of variance using SAS, version 9.3. The results of this experiment indicated that varieties and NPSB fertilizer rates highly significantly (p<0.01), and their interaction significantly (p<0.05) affected most of the growth parameters including: shoot fresh weight; shoot dry weight, vine length, days to bud sprout and days to physiological maturity. Tola at 100 kg ha-1, 150 kg ha-1 and 200kg ha-1 NPSB fertilizer rates resulted in significantly (p<0.01) highest days to physiological maturity (136.69, 139.9 and 143.1) and the highest shoot fresh weight (653.3g, 668.3g and 690g), respectively. Dimtu at 0 kg ha-1 fertilizer rates resulted in significantly (p<0.01) highest days to bud sprouting (14.0). In conclusion, the above findings indicated that the growth and productivity of sweet potato at the study area can be improved by the combined use of appropriate variety and application of optimum rate of blended NPSB fertilizer. However, as the results are limited to one season and location, further research needs to be conducted over more seasons and locations by considering also using the more than 200 kg ha-1 of blended NPSB fertilizer rates and additional varieties to generate more reliable information.
Abstract: Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) is one of the most important root crops. It is used as food and economically important crop in Ethiopia. However, its production and productivity is very low due to several factors: lack of information on the type and appropriate rate of fertilizers supplying major plant nutrients, which have been recognized t...
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Diversity of Pathotypes of Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina) Pathogen in Wheat Crop in Nepal
Suraj Baidya,
Subash Chandra Bhardwaj,
Deepak Bhandari
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, March 2023
Pages:
48-54
Received:
23 February 2023
Accepted:
20 March 2023
Published:
31 March 2023
Abstract: Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is third most important crop in Nepal after rice and maize. The area of cultivation of wheat is increasing compare to last decade but its productivity could not be increased significantly due to many biotic and abiotic factors. Among them, rust disease is major biotic constraint. Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) is an economically important disease which occurs on major wheat growing areas of plain and hill of the country. The leaf rust disease monitoring and samples collection were done from 32 districts across the wheat growing area. Rust infected leaves were folded such that rust pustules preserved inside without destroying spores. Excess leaf moisture was removed by keeping them in room temperature with shade drying. Proper dried samples were kept in paper envelop and diagnosed pathotypes at Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Regional Station, Flowerdale, Shimla, India. urediospores were revived on 2% water agar and multiplied in susceptible host Agra Local. The fresh urediospores of each sample was collected from susceptible host and inoculated on 5-7 days old seedlings of the standard differential sets. The pathotypes of pathogen was diagnosed on the base on disease infection type showed in the differential sets. Pathotypes 57R39 121R63-1, 21R55, 109R31-1, 121R60-1, 93R15 and 93R39 were commonly observed in both plain and hills. Similarly, the pathotypes 125R23-1, 109R63 and 21R63 were recorded in lower belt whereas, pathotypes 5R13, 49R39, 125R28, 21R31 and 93R47 were found only at hilly regions. The pathotypes 21R55, 121R63-1, 121R63-1and 5R37 were recorded in successive years in most of the wheat growing area. Twenty one different pathotypes of P. triticina occur in different parts of the country. The evolving of different pathotypes diversity of pathogens may be caused by selection pressure due to same genetic materials of wheat genotypes grown in the country and conducive environment. Hence, monitoring rust pathotypes is a one of the necessary step for successful planning to manage the rust disease by developing resistant wheat genotypes.
Abstract: Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is third most important crop in Nepal after rice and maize. The area of cultivation of wheat is increasing compare to last decade but its productivity could not be increased significantly due to many biotic and abiotic factors. Among them, rust disease is major biotic constraint. Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) is an econom...
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Response of Physicochemical Properties and Enzyme Activities in Rhizosphere Soil to Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Disease of Cherry Tomato (Lycopersicon esulentum Mill.)
Xiao Deng,
Chunyuan Wu,
Yi Li,
Huadong Tan,
Jiancheng Su
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, March 2023
Pages:
55-60
Received:
20 March 2023
Accepted:
21 April 2023
Published:
24 April 2023
Abstract: Tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease (TYLCVD) has become a devastating disease, which seriously threatens the healthy development of tomato industry in China. Creating a healthy soil environment may be the key to success in preventing TYLCVD. Field investigation and laboratory analysis were used to evaluate the response characteristics of macro elements, medium elements, micro elements and enzyme activities in the rhizosphere soil of cherry tomato to TYLCVD. The main objective of this study was to determine the suitable soil environment for the healthy survival of cherry tomato. Soil samples were collected from rhizosphere of healthy and diseased plants. The results showed that the occurrence of TYLCVD was related to the enzyme activities, pH value, macro elements N, P, K, medium elements Ca, Mg, S and micro elements Mn, Zn, Cu, Si in the rhizosphere soil of cherry tomato. Compared with healthy plants, the activities of urease, catalase and acid phosphatase were significantly decreased by 48.6%–77.4%, 23.7%–43.8% and 19.1%–31.0%, respectively, in rhizosphere soil of diseased cherry tomato plants (P < 0.05). The pH value, contents of alkaline hydrolysis N, available Mg, available S, available Mn, available Zn, available Cu and available Si in rhizosphere soil of diseased plants were significantly lower than those in healthy plants (P < 0.05). The pH value in rhizosphere soil of diseased plants was 0.18-0.25 units lower than that of healthy plants. And the contents of alkaline hydrolysis N, available Mg, available S, available Mn, available Zn, available Cu and available Si were reduced by 5.54%–20.0%, 29.7%–73.9%, 27.3%–48.8%, 6.95%–10.1%, 13.6%–-15.2%, 10.6%–25.0% and 4.97%-8.30%, respectively. However, the contents of available P, available K and available Ca in rhizosphere soil of diseased plants were significantly higher than those in healthy plants (P < 0.05), were increased by 3.77%–41.2%, 6.75%–37.4% and 16.7%–50.5%, respectively. Our findings improve our understanding of the links between the occurrence of TYLCVD and the soil environment, which have implications for developing strategies for the prevention of tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease.
Abstract: Tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease (TYLCVD) has become a devastating disease, which seriously threatens the healthy development of tomato industry in China. Creating a healthy soil environment may be the key to success in preventing TYLCVD. Field investigation and laboratory analysis were used to evaluate the response characteristics of macro el...
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