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Verification and Demonstration of Low-cost Family Drip Irrigation System for Potato Production Under Smallholder Farmer’s Condition at Jimma Zone
Minda Tadesse,
Robel Adimasu,
Addisu Asefa
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
145-150
Received:
29 April 2021
Accepted:
26 June 2021
Published:
2 July 2021
Abstract: Abstracts: Water scarcity is the major threats to global food production constraints as well as in Ethiopia. In addition river water is not accessible to all location due to topographic barriers. So, farmers far from river may accessible to hand dug wells, but its amount is low as compared to river water. Therefore, this low quantity of water requires effective utilization. Though, demonstration of low-cost and appropriate micro-irrigation system had been designed and carried out under agro-climatic condition of Jimma Zone, Dedo district, Waro-kolobo kebele at farmers field conditions for three consecutive years to evaluate the feasibility of drip irrigation system, efficiently utilize the scarce water resources and maximize potato yield. Drip irrigation and furrow irrigation methods were evaluated on 336 m2, the area was divided equally into two parts, and each had an area of 168 m2. The tuber yield data were collected and sorted into marketable and non-marketable yields. The maximum yield of potato was obtained from drip irrigation, while lowest from furrow irrigated fields. The drip irrigation had greater performance than furrow irrigations method in terms of yield. The higher water productivity was obtained from drip irrigation and lower from furrow. A total of 172 participants were attended training during three years, 132 male and 40 females. The maximum net benefit was recorded from drip irrigation. Therefore, drip irrigation method is better technology in study area where shortage of water exists or when source of water are limited as the case of shallow wells, and preferable in sloppy areas. So, for more accurate information and justifications it needs to be demonstrated and verified under varies climatic and soil condition of Jimma Zone.
Abstract: Abstracts: Water scarcity is the major threats to global food production constraints as well as in Ethiopia. In addition river water is not accessible to all location due to topographic barriers. So, farmers far from river may accessible to hand dug wells, but its amount is low as compared to river water. Therefore, this low quantity of water requi...
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Adaptability Evaluation of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and Lablab (Lablab purpureus) Forage Crops at Farmers Conditions in Dire Dawa and Harari, Eastern Ethiopia
Wubshet Tesfaye,
Worku Bekuma,
Tolera Fikadu,
Melese Furgasa
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
151-155
Received:
10 March 2021
Accepted:
21 May 2021
Published:
21 July 2021
Abstract: The experiment were conducted at Fedis Agricultural Research Center by supported to AGP-II program in 2017 and 2018 consecutive years on-farm in Harari regional state (Qile PA) and Dire Dawa (Adada PA) with three cowpea [V. unguiculata (Local. check), (9334) and (9333)] and three lablab (Gebis-17, Beresa-55 and Local check) selected varieties that introduced from Bako Agricultural Research Center and obtained from farmers as local checks which were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications based on the objective of selected and recommended high quantity yielding and adaptable varieties to the area and the same agro-ecologies. The analyzed result showed in Table 1 aboveground dry biomass and grain yields of cowpea were a significant different (p < 0.05) over locations among varieties. The highest aboveground dry biomass of cowpea-9334 (4.67 t ha-1) followed by cowpea-9333 (4.00 t ha-1) at Harari (kile PA) and the minimum was obtained from Local check (2.52 t ha-1) at Dire Dawa (Adada PA) and statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) among varieties of lablab dry matter yield at Harari (Qile PA) and at Dire Dawa (Adada PA) over locations. The highest dry matter of 15.44 t ha-1, 9.74 t ha-1 which was obtained from variety lablab Beresa-55 at Harari and Dire Dawa respectively. It was concluded that the cowpea-9334 and lablab Beresa-55 were found promising to be demonstrated under in the study areas and same agro-climatic conditions with the study area.
Abstract: The experiment were conducted at Fedis Agricultural Research Center by supported to AGP-II program in 2017 and 2018 consecutive years on-farm in Harari regional state (Qile PA) and Dire Dawa (Adada PA) with three cowpea [V. unguiculata (Local. check), (9334) and (9333)] and three lablab (Gebis-17, Beresa-55 and Local check) selected varieties that ...
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Adaptability Evaluation of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties in South-East Arsi Zone, Ethiopia
Gebeyaw Achenef,
Aliy Robsa,
Deresa Tesfaye,
Kedir Yimam
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
156-161
Received:
5 July 2021
Accepted:
19 July 2021
Published:
24 July 2021
Abstract: Common bean (Phaseolus vulagris L.) is a very important legume crop grown worldwide and adapted mid to high altitude areas of Ethiopia. The experiment was conducted on both Farmer’s Training Center (FTC) and Kulumsa research stations of East Arsi zone. The purpose of the study was to select elite and adapted common bean varieties that will maximize productivity and production of common in the target areas. Nine improved common bean varieties were used for this study. The experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications for two growing season (2019-2020) under rain fed condition. The combined ANOVA result indicated, significant difference (P<0.001) among variety, Location and their interaction were observed for all parameters (days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, seed yield, Number of pod per plant, except number of seed per pod which was non-significant due to variety x location interaction. The first and the second IPCA of AMMI biplot were significant ((P<0.001) and 85.1% the variations were explained together. Based on the scatter plot of PC1 against PC2, V8 (SER-119) and V7 (SER-125) were more adapted varieties in most of the locations across two growing seasons whereas, V5 was stable variety Among the tested varieties, the highest seed yield per hectare was obtained from variety SER-125 (3190.4 kgha-1) and SER-119 (3090.3kgha-1) whereas the lowest yield was obtained from variety SAB-736. Therefore, the Variety SER-125 and SER-119 can be recommended as selected varieties and to be promoted in the study areas.
Abstract: Common bean (Phaseolus vulagris L.) is a very important legume crop grown worldwide and adapted mid to high altitude areas of Ethiopia. The experiment was conducted on both Farmer’s Training Center (FTC) and Kulumsa research stations of East Arsi zone. The purpose of the study was to select elite and adapted common bean varieties that will maximize...
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Influence of Cropping System on the Incidence and Severity of Leaf Spot Disease of Telfairia occidentalis Hook f. Caused by Phoma sorghina
Grace Annih Mbong,
Andrew Kpu Kebei,
Lucy Ambang Agyingi,
Nelomen Che Benedicte Tatiana,
Sidonnie Eyambe Mbong,
Nyenkuna Elisabeth Muluh
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
162-168
Received:
5 June 2021
Accepted:
24 July 2021
Published:
2 August 2021
Abstract: Fungi infections are responsible for the major diseases that attack the fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook f.) in most areas where the crop is grown in Cameroon. This study aimed to inter-cropped Telfairia occidentalis Hook f. with the Giant French variety of plantain and compared it with sole cropping to determine the effect of the cropping system on the incidence and severity of leaf spot disease caused by Phoma sorghina. We used different planting distances of fluted pumpkins in the two cropping systems. We conducted the study between September 2017 and November 2018 at the Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FASA), University of Dschang, West Region, Cameroon. We used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with three replications consisting of six plots per replicate (a total of 18 plots per treatment). Fluted pumpkin was intercropped with the Giant French variety of plantain at a distance of both 1 m x 3 m and 1 m x 1.5 m apart for the sole cropping. We found a significant (P ≤ 0.05) difference in the incidence and severity of leaf spot disease associated with Phoma sp on the leaves and leaflets of fluted pumpkin in the two cultural practices using the pairwise comparison. Sole cropping of fluted pumpkin reduced the disease incidence and severity of leaf spot disease than fluted pumpkin inter-cropped Giant French variety of plantain. Therefore, the sole cropping of fluted pumpkins compared to intercropping with giant crops enhanced the production of the leaves and leaflets of fluted pumpkins. Additionally, the sole cropping of fluted pumpkin reduced the incidence and severity of leaf sport disease, including an improvement in the disease outcome.
Abstract: Fungi infections are responsible for the major diseases that attack the fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook f.) in most areas where the crop is grown in Cameroon. This study aimed to inter-cropped Telfairia occidentalis Hook f. with the Giant French variety of plantain and compared it with sole cropping to determine the effect of the croppi...
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Apiculture (Beekeeping), an Easy Economic Venture Irrespective of Age, Gender, Religion and Profession
Kubkomawa Hayatu Ibrahim,
Mohammed Abubakar Sadiq Abba,
Kenneth-Chukwu Oluchi Margret,
Iyiola Vivian Ogechi,
Anyanwu Vivian Chinenye
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
169-176
Received:
21 July 2021
Accepted:
2 August 2021
Published:
9 August 2021
Abstract: Apiculture is an agroforestry system that has been neglected at the background in tropical Africa and Nigeria in particular. This is due to lack of awareness on the production know-how and the financial gains associated to it. The objective of this paper therefore, is to review apicultural techniques and its economic benefits. Apiculture is one of the most booming lucrative enterprises in many parts of the world. It is a profitable venture that requires little or no investment with quick returns. It is the science of raising bees in order to harvest honey and other useful products such as propolis, beeswax, pollen and royal jelly (bee milk). Honey and wax are usually used as medicine, health food and traditional crafts (candle making). In the traditional setting, honey is usually harvested from the wild which is always crude, difficult, dangerous and unsustainable. There is high demand for honey in Africa and the world at large but the production is low and not being encouraged. However, apiculture has gradually become a major component of mini-livestock production in Africa and other parts of the world. It has relatively reduced honey hunting and is seen as an alternative business for employment and revenue generation. Beekeeping can be practiced by all irrespective of age, gender, religion and profession with no negative environmental impact. Government and well to do individuals in the society should assist interested beekeepers with soft loans to purchase modern equipment like movable frame hives, bee suits, smokers and honey extractors. Apiculture should be enshrined in the curriculum of the primary and secondary schools, institution of higher learning and adopted as part of rural development approach. It should be promoted by well-organized extension services. Improving beekeeping in Africa will be a good way to ensure food security, reduce joblessness and add income across the economies of the continent. Efforts should also be made by Export Commissions to showcase African honey in the world market.
Abstract: Apiculture is an agroforestry system that has been neglected at the background in tropical Africa and Nigeria in particular. This is due to lack of awareness on the production know-how and the financial gains associated to it. The objective of this paper therefore, is to review apicultural techniques and its economic benefits. Apiculture is one of ...
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Dry Matter Yield and Nutrient Uptakes of Wollega Coffee Seedlings as Influenced by Lime and Coffee Husk Compost Amendments at Western Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
177-182
Received:
26 July 2021
Accepted:
6 August 2021
Published:
12 August 2021
Abstract: Nursery experiment was conducted at Haru Agricultural Research Sub center of Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Western Ethiopia, to investigate dry matter yield and its nutrient uptake of Arabica coffee seedlings under different lime and coffee husk compost rates and establish optimum combination of these agricultural inputs that produce seedlings with better dry matter yield for field planting. The experiment included four levels of lime (0, 1.6, 3.2 and 4.8 t ha-1) and coffee husk compost (0, 5, 10 and 15 t ha-1) and laid out in a factorial experiment arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Nutrient uptake and dry matter yield data of coffee seedlings were collected and subjected to analysis of variance using SAS package and treatment means were compared at 0.05 probability using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results revealed that lime and coffee husk compost rates significantly (P < 0.01) affected NPK uptake and total dry matter yield of coffee seedlings. The highest NPK uptake and total dry matter yield of coffee seedling were obtained from the application of 15 t ha-1 coffee husk compost and combined lime and coffee husk compost at the modest levels of 3.2 t ha-1 lime and 10 t ha-1 coffee husk compost with a nonsignificant variation. From the study, it can be concluded that application of 15 t ha-1 coffee husk compost or combining 10 t ha-1 of coffee husk compost and 3.2 t ha-1 of agricultural lime could be a promising alternative amendment for acid soil management and production of vigorous Wollega coffee seedlings with high nutrient uptake and high dry matter yield in Haru areas, western Ethiopia.
Abstract: Nursery experiment was conducted at Haru Agricultural Research Sub center of Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Western Ethiopia, to investigate dry matter yield and its nutrient uptake of Arabica coffee seedlings under different lime and coffee husk compost rates and establish optimum combination of these agricultural inputs that produce seedling...
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Using Forest Resources for Economic Development and Poverty Reduction in Ekiti State
Emmanuel Rotimi Adegboyega,
Akintan Oluwakemi Bolanle
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
183-189
Received:
10 July 2021
Accepted:
24 July 2021
Published:
23 August 2021
Abstract: Forest products are resources of immense benefits to all especially, for the people of Ekiti being an agrarian society. In the recent time, forest products are becoming poverty reduction strategy in this part of the world. The major factors responsible for this activity include the desire for food, food security, meeting household level needs, provision of raw materials, source of foreign exchange and income as well as save physical money to meet up both household demands and foreign earning. Some of the opportunities and challenges faced are the availability of land, capital and purpose for which forest products are made available for use. Questionnaire were used to collect information on the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, various forms of forest products, their uses and services in the study area. The study found out that forest products are means of livelihood for providing food, fuel wood, fresh water protection, provision of bush meat and herbal medicine. For herbal medicine products as alternative medicine to pharmaceutical products in the society for curing the new found ailments and sicknesses. It also revealed that care must be taken to prevent deforestation, environmental degradation as well as ecological devastation in the study area. The result of the spatial tree analysis showed that unwanted destruction should be prevented so as to alleviate poverty in the study area because the inhabitants as well as the country derive means of livelihoods from the forest reserves.
Abstract: Forest products are resources of immense benefits to all especially, for the people of Ekiti being an agrarian society. In the recent time, forest products are becoming poverty reduction strategy in this part of the world. The major factors responsible for this activity include the desire for food, food security, meeting household level needs, prov...
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Determinants of Food Insecurity According to the Calorie Intake Approach: A Specific Case in South Kivu, DRC
Vwima Ngezirabona Stany,
Bumva Birakaheka Judical,
Mushagalusa Nachigera Gustave
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
190-202
Received:
16 November 2020
Accepted:
27 November 2020
Published:
27 August 2021
Abstract: This study aims to measure food insecurity and its correlates according to the calorie intake approach. By conducting the consumption survey on a stratified sample grouped into localities considered, here, as strata. The survey covered 139 households. The results show that 84.2% of the respondents generate their income from agriculture and the household lives on US $ 50.09 per month obtained from the optical expenditure. Households allocate more than 50% of this income to food consumption. The calorie intake provided by the consumed food is 1248.28 kcal. The Estimated Energy Need (EEN) calculated was 2303.76 kcal on average, i.e., a negative gap of 1055.48. The estimated results of the LOGIT model for the possibility of being food secure showed that factors of various kinds expose households to food insecurity, i.e., level of education, gender, income and number of meals. In addition, livestock farming, distance from home to market were variables that significantly condition the probability of a household being food secure only in the locality of Bwegera whereas household size and existence other income sources within the household significantly affect food security only in the locality of Lemera. In this case, it is necessary to encourage large-scale production through access to new technologies, access to food, education and financing, structuring and strengthening the capacities of farmers' organizations, diversification of activities and the revival of the livestock farming sector and its integration into the cropping system, access to resources by women, the development of agricultural markets for products and inputs.
Abstract: This study aims to measure food insecurity and its correlates according to the calorie intake approach. By conducting the consumption survey on a stratified sample grouped into localities considered, here, as strata. The survey covered 139 households. The results show that 84.2% of the respondents generate their income from agriculture and the hous...
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Rural Youth Participation in Major Vegetable Production in Gidda Ayana District, East Wollega Zone, Oromia Rigion, Ethiopia
Waktole Bayisa Debelo,
Zelleke Zewudie
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
203-212
Received:
5 July 2021
Accepted:
19 July 2021
Published:
31 August 2021
Abstract: Agriculture is a vital sector for the achievement of food security, employment creation and economic growth in the world. The climatic and soil conditions of Ethiopia allow cultivation of a wide range of horticultural crop and has a variety of vegetable crops grown in different agro ecological zones produced through commercial as well as small farmers both as a source of income as well as food. Various types of vegetable crops are grown in Ethiopia under rain-fed and irrigation systems. In Ethiopia the total land covered by potato, tomato and cabbage was 160,000ha; 3,677ha and 38,000ha respectively. The objective of this study was to analyze determinants rural youth participation in major vegetable production in the study area. Three stage sampling procedures were used in this study. The primary data were collected through focus group discussion, key informant interview, interview schedule and observation. Secondary data were collected from review of related literatures and documents. Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and econometric model such as binary logit regression were used for analyzing quantitative data. The result of binary logit regression model analysis revealed that marital status, education level, farm experience, agricultural input supply, land size, access to irrigation and livestock ownership were statistically significant in affecting youth’s to participate in major vegetable production. Therefore, this result implies that improving farmers’ level of education, encouraging the agricultural input supply, facilitate opportunity to access more land, improving livestock production system and creating favorable access to irrigation and local government need to encourage youth to participate in major vegetable production.
Abstract: Agriculture is a vital sector for the achievement of food security, employment creation and economic growth in the world. The climatic and soil conditions of Ethiopia allow cultivation of a wide range of horticultural crop and has a variety of vegetable crops grown in different agro ecological zones produced through commercial as well as small farm...
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