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Online Learning Challenges in the Time of COVID-19: A Survey Among the Undergraduate Students of the Mindanao State University-Main Campus, Marawi City
Marecon Comita Viray,
Ashley Ali Bangcola
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, December 2022
Pages:
192-204
Received:
18 April 2022
Accepted:
24 August 2022
Published:
11 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220304.11
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Abstract: The education system has recently been rocked by an extraordinary health crisis, the COVID-19 epidemic, which has shattered its foundation. As a result, governments all around the world have initiated a crisis response to offset the pandemic's negative impact on education. Curriculum adjustments, supply of technical resources and infrastructure, shifts in the academic calendar, and rules on instructional delivery and assessment are all examples of this approach. These advancements pushed educational institutions to go to complete online learning until face- to-face instruction was permitted. However, only a small percentage of public schools in the Philippines have internet connectivity. According to Aida Yuvienco, Director of the DepEd's ICT Service, "Only 26% of public schools are linked to the internet or are capable of connecting to the internet," adding that approximately 5,000 public schools in isolated locations lack access to energy. The acceptance of online learning across many learning contexts, whether formal or informal, academic or non-academic, domestic or remote, is one such development. We started to see schools, instructors, and students adopting e-learning tools that allow teachers to conduct interactive instruction, effortlessly exchange resources, and enhance student collaboration and involvement. Finally, this research proposed several potential solutions for improving the online learning environment. Addressing these issues would shed light on the wide range of challenges that undergraduate students at Mindanao State University's Main Campus in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao face in a fully online learning environment, especially in light of the epidemic. Meanwhile, school administrators and teachers will gain from a deeper understanding of the strategies students use to overcome obstacles, allowing them to better satisfy students' online learning needs. Furthermore, the findings could be used to figure out how different types of approaches work in an online learning environment.
Abstract: The education system has recently been rocked by an extraordinary health crisis, the COVID-19 epidemic, which has shattered its foundation. As a result, governments all around the world have initiated a crisis response to offset the pandemic's negative impact on education. Curriculum adjustments, supply of technical resources and infrastructure, sh...
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Local Fiscal Administration of Bayugan City, Agusan del Sur Towards Sustainable Development: An Analysis
Marecon Comita Viray,
Albim Ymbong Cabatingan
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, December 2022
Pages:
205-214
Received:
5 August 2022
Accepted:
31 August 2022
Published:
21 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220304.12
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Abstract: Effective fiscal management and administration is vital in fostering macroeconomic stability, the implementation and delivery of essential public services, and attaining sustainable growth and maintenance. Good financial management through the implementation and maintenance of sound fiscal policies is imperative to ensure that government offices use the available resources effectively, fulfill its mandates and commitments to its constituents, prepare for financial stability, avoid excess public debt, and prepare for unprecedented financial challenges and constraints that would hinder project implementations within the fiscal year. This study assessed the existing fiscal administration practices of Bayugan City, Agusan del Sur. This evaluates the existing revenues of the city as well as the development programs / projects. From what transpired in the study, the data revealed several salient yet far too important challenges that hampered Bayugan City’s thrust for attaining effective fiscal administration. This study found out that one of the many reoccurring challenges include the rising number of delinquent payers; prevalence of undeclared properties and assets which creates subsequent effects and poses a threat to social welfare as it reduces money and resources available in implementing social programs, as well as irregularities in cash flow; along with the lack of identified appropriations in the expenditures from the General Fund. If these “not-so-good” practices will continue to persist, the whole fiscal health of Bayugan City, ADS will be affected and so therefore its ability to serve the public in return. Thus, researcher recommended various intervention programs that Bayugan City, ADS should start to abate the problems and concerns, thus will result to strong fiscal health. The strong fiscal health in return can be a feeder towards sustainability in the long-term.
Abstract: Effective fiscal management and administration is vital in fostering macroeconomic stability, the implementation and delivery of essential public services, and attaining sustainable growth and maintenance. Good financial management through the implementation and maintenance of sound fiscal policies is imperative to ensure that government offices us...
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Modelling HIV-Free Survival Among Children Under Five-Year-Old from the Uganda Population-Based HIV Impact Assessment (UPHIA) 2016-2017 Survey
Muriuki Francis Maina,
Waititu Anthony,
Wanjoya Anthony
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, December 2022
Pages:
215-223
Received:
22 September 2022
Accepted:
21 October 2022
Published:
29 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220304.13
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Abstract: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pandemic is currently the most challenging public health matter that faces third world countries, especially those in Sub-Saharan Africa. Uganda, in East Africa, with a generalised and highly heterogeneous epidemic, is no exception, with HIV/AIDS affecting most sectors of the economy. The barrier HIV-stigma presents to the HIV treatment cascade is increasingly documented; however, no research has been done on the effects of HIV free survival of children under five-year olds in the presence of clustering. This study present models for analysing the effects of covariates on HIV free survival of children in Uganda in which tests for the association among children in different enumeration areas (EA) are carried out. The main objective of this study is to test for association between covariates and HIV free survival among under five-year old children born to HIV positive mothers in Uganda. This study uses the shared frailty model from the Uganda Population-Based HIV Impact Assessment (UPHIA 2016-2017) dataset. The study reviews the Cox proportional hazard model to include clustering within children from different EAs. The study first checks for proportional hazard assumption in the model then extend the Cox PH model to include clustering of children in different EA in Uganda using the shared frailty model. The basis for testing proportional hazard assumption in Cox regression analysis is to assess whether the effects of the covariates change overtime. When observations are clustered within groups or multiple event times are clustered within individuals, dependence between event times in a cluster is of interest. The study then uses the shared frailty model which is a random effect model which helps explain the unaccounted heterogeneity in the data.
Abstract: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pandemic is currently the most challenging public health matter that faces third world countries, especially those in Sub-Saharan Africa. Uganda, in East Africa, with a generalised and highly heterogeneous epidemic, is no exception, with HIV/AIDS affecting most sectors of the economy. The barrier HIV-stigma pr...
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A Critical Evaluation of the Public Procurement Act in Its Capacity to Defeat Corruption in Ghana
Ronald Osei Mensah,
Winfred Kanda
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, December 2022
Pages:
224-231
Received:
1 October 2022
Accepted:
25 October 2022
Published:
10 November 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220304.14
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Abstract: In addition to the standards applicable in the whole public service, specific standards for procurement officials may mitigate the specific risks related to the complexity and characteristics of the public procurement process. The standards for procurement officials - in particular specific restrictions and prohibitions - aim to ensure that officials’ private interests do not improperly influence the performance of their public duties and responsibilities. Transparency in public procurement not only promotes accountability and ensures access to information, it also serves an important role in levelling the playing field for businesses and allowing small and medium enterprises to participate on a more equal footing. The purpose of the study was to critically evaluate the public procurement act in its capacity to defeat corruption. A descriptive survey was used for the study based on mixed method of research-qualitative and quantitative. A purposive sampling method was adopted in the collection of data. A 16-item interview guide was developed -made up of 15 closed ended items with 3 follow up questions and 1 open-ended item. The study revealed that there was not much weaknesses in public procurement activities, practices that seems to encourage corruption were minimal due to the use of the public procurement Act, due diligence was followed during procurement. The study recommended that, even though the Act seems to have defeated corruption, there should be continues capacity building for procurement officers to improve on their efficiency.
Abstract: In addition to the standards applicable in the whole public service, specific standards for procurement officials may mitigate the specific risks related to the complexity and characteristics of the public procurement process. The standards for procurement officials - in particular specific restrictions and prohibitions - aim to ensure that officia...
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Cluster Based Improved Maize Technologies Popularization in Selected AGP-II Districts of Harari Region and Dire Dawa Administration
Bedasso Urgessa,
Oromia Megersa,
Abdulaziz Teha
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, December 2022
Pages:
232-236
Received:
27 October 2022
Accepted:
8 December 2022
Published:
27 December 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220304.15
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Abstract: Despite the large area under cultivation, the mean yield of maize per hectare is low. Limited access to improved maize varieties is among the contributing factors for low productivity. Popularization of better performing maize varieties is important to solve these problems. Therefore, this study was undertaken to enhance the productivity of maize through pre-scaling up of early maturing and high yielding maize varieties with improved management practices at Harari region and Dire Dawa administration under AGP-II fund. It was conducted at Wahil from Dire Dawa and at Dodota as well as Kile kebeles from Harari region through cluster approach. A total of 100 Farmers were selected based on their interest and land ownership. Melkassa-2 and Melkassa-6 were provided to farmers with full packages. Each variety was planted on a plot size of 50mx50m/farmer, with seed rate of 25kg/ha and 75cm*25cm space between row and plant respectively. Likewise, fertilizer (NPS) was applied with rate of 100kg/ha. Training and field day were organized as a means to facilitate uptake and diffusion of technologies through farmers as well as to evaluate performance of the varieties and share the lessons with different stakeholders. The combined mean yield for melkasa-2 and melkasa-6 is 29.36qt/ha and 26.67qt/ha respectively. The mean score for knowledge test before and after implementation is 4.47 and 7.37 respectively. These results indicate an improvement in the awareness, production and productivity of beneficiary farmers. Therefore, it is better if respective bureau of agriculture and natural resource take the responsibility to exert their effort for wider scaling up of the technologies.
Abstract: Despite the large area under cultivation, the mean yield of maize per hectare is low. Limited access to improved maize varieties is among the contributing factors for low productivity. Popularization of better performing maize varieties is important to solve these problems. Therefore, this study was undertaken to enhance the productivity of maize t...
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Contribution of Integrated Functional Adult Education to Adults Livelihood Improvement: The Empirical Study in Babile Woreda Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, December 2022
Pages:
237-248
Received:
29 October 2022
Accepted:
25 November 2022
Published:
27 December 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220304.16
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Abstract: This Empirical study intended to explore the contribution of integrated functional adult education program to adult learners’ livelihood improvement in Babile Woreda. A qualitative phenomenological research design was used. Six respondents purposively selected and participated in the study: five (3 male and 2 female) adults those graduated through completing the 1st and 2nd cycle of IFAE program and one Woreda IFAE coordinator. The data collected through an in-depth interview and analyzed by thematic analysis method. The finding of the study showed that IFAE program has contribution to adults’ livelihood improvement. IFAE program capacitated adult learners to have writing and reading skill it helped them to understand things in an easier way and to develop good attitude and improve their practice in all aspects of their life. Literacy knowledge and skill increase adults’ self-awareness and confidence as well as active participation in their life journey. Furthermore, IFAE program assisted adult learners to increase productivity, to generate income, to live healthy life, to use technology, to protect their environment, to educate their children, and to strengthen social relations and political participation. However, the existing practice of IFAE program is weak due to several factors that related to management and delivery approach of the program. As a result of this, even if the program has contribution for adults livelihood improvement most of illiterate adults not such much benefit from this program as it designed; still they have living in extreme poverty. Therefore, it is important for government to improve the existing practice of IFAE program to bring sustainable livelihood improvement on illiterate adults.
Abstract: This Empirical study intended to explore the contribution of integrated functional adult education program to adult learners’ livelihood improvement in Babile Woreda. A qualitative phenomenological research design was used. Six respondents purposively selected and participated in the study: five (3 male and 2 female) adults those graduated through ...
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