Research Article
Research and Application of Multi-parameter Automatic Monitoring Technology for Deep Foundation Pits
Jiayan Liu*
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
251-263
Received:
15 July 2026
Accepted:
26 August 2026
Published:
4 September 2026
Abstract: With the rapid growth of deep foundation‑pit engineering, construction‑related risks have become increasingly prominent. Traditional automatic monitoring approaches are difficult to satisfy the demands of wireless transmission and real‑time risk warning, which restricts the risk‑management performance of foundation‑pit projects. To address this limitation, this paper proposes an Internet‑of‑Things (IoT)‑enabled wireless monitoring technique for deep foundation pits, aiming to achieve continuous wireless data perception and intelligent risk early‑warning for excavation engineering. Taking an actual deep foundation‑pit project in Shanghai as the research object, multi‑parameter automatic monitoring, including inclinometer deformation, groundwater level and static leveling settlement, is implemented by the developed IoT monitoring system. Field comparisons against manual observation data verify that the proposed technique can satisfy engineering data‑accuracy specifications. Moreover, it effectively reduces early‑warning response latency and cuts the expenditure on cable‑laying work. This work validates the practicability of low‑power IoT solutions and indicates promising application potential of such technologies in geotechnical monitoring domains.
Abstract: With the rapid growth of deep foundation‑pit engineering, construction‑related risks have become increasingly prominent. Traditional automatic monitoring approaches are difficult to satisfy the demands of wireless transmission and real‑time risk warning, which restricts the risk‑management performance of foundation‑pit projects. To address this lim...
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Research Article
Key Technologies for Cutterhead Repair of Large-Diameter Slurry Balance Shield Under Atmospheric Pressure Access
Gu Tianxin,
Wang Kai,
Chen Qiao,
Wan Xueyu*,
Bao Peng
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
264-273
Received:
3 August 2026
Accepted:
31 August 2026
Published:
22 September 2026
Abstract: Aiming at the common engineering challenges of severe wear, eccentric wear, and seal failure of cutterheads during the excavation of large-diameter shields in hard rock strata, this study investigates the in-situ cutterhead repair technology under atmospheric pressure access conditions, based on the cutterhead damage repair project of the φ15.01 m slurry balance shield on the left line of the Zhijiang Road Water Conveyance Pipe Gallery and Road Improvement Project in Hangzhou. Through stratum stability assessment, verification of atmospheric pressure access conditions, excavation and support of working chambers, staged repair of cutter boxes, panel welding reinforcement, non-destructive testing of welds, pressure-holding tests, and trial tunneling parameter control, a complete set of repair technologies applicable to large-diameter shield cutterhead repair under atmospheric pressure in moderately weathered hard rock strata has been developed. Engineering practice demonstrates that this approach enables rapid cutterhead repair without the need for additional excavation or equipment disassembly, with repair accuracy meeting design requirements. Throughout the construction process, ground surface settlement and deformation of buildings and structures remain within controllable limits, effectively ensuring the safety of adjacent cultural relic buildings and existing pipelines. The research results provide technical references for the treatment of cutterhead damage in large-diameter shields constructed in hard rock strata within urban core areas.
Abstract: Aiming at the common engineering challenges of severe wear, eccentric wear, and seal failure of cutterheads during the excavation of large-diameter shields in hard rock strata, this study investigates the in-situ cutterhead repair technology under atmospheric pressure access conditions, based on the cutterhead damage repair project of the φ15.01 m ...
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Case Report
Geotechnical Design and Construction of Gabion Shoreline Protection for an Integrated Creek Improvement Project in Diobu Creek, Port Harcourt, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Tamunoene Kingdom Simeon Abam*,
Benjamin Stephen Udota
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
274-284
Received:
25 August 2026
Accepted:
4 September 2026
Published:
30 September 2026
Abstract: Urban waterways in the Niger Delta are increasingly exposed to channel siltation, bank erosion, uncontrolled waste deposition, hydraulic scour and progressive loss of channel capacity. These problems are particularly critical where shoreline stabilization must be undertaken concurrently with dredging, reclamation and navigation improvement on weak, saturated sediments. This study presents the geotechnical investigation, design and construction of a gabion-based shoreline protection system implemented as a component of the integrated improvement of Diobu Creek, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The study combines topographic and bathymetric surveys, tidal observations, three geotechnical boreholes, particle-size analysis, permeability estimation and direct shear testing to establish the engineering conditions controlling shoreline stability and revetment performance. The investigated riverbed comprises approximately 1.2–1.6 m of very soft to soft organic silty clay underlain by predominantly medium-grained, relatively uniform sand extending to at least 12 m below the riverbed. The sand exhibits an estimated hydraulic conductivity of approximately (4.41 × 10-3) m/s and an average angle of internal friction of about 34°. These conditions necessitated careful management of saturated sediments during excavation and construction below Low Low Water (LLW). The adopted protection system comprised shoreline sand filling and regrading, excavation of weak foundation sediments, placement of a 0.45 m crushed-stone foundation layer, installation of a high-strength geotextile filter/separator, placement and interconnection of zinc-coated gabion baskets filled with durable crushed rock, and construction of a crest/anchor beam. A 1V:2.5H bank slope was adopted to reduce the potential for instability while providing an appropriate geometry for the gabion revetment. Construction experience demonstrated that the principal geotechnical challenges were instability of saturated soft sediments, localized failure of the regraded sand slope, seepage and piping risks, toe scour, and the need to synchronize excavation and foundation placement with tidal conditions. The study demonstrates that gabion revetments, when integrated with appropriate foundation preparation, geotextile filtration, toe protection and drainage, can provide a flexible and permeable shoreline stabilization solution for urban tidal-creek environments. The findings provide a practical framework for the design and construction of shoreline protection systems in the soft, sediment-dominated environments of the Niger Delta.
Abstract: Urban waterways in the Niger Delta are increasingly exposed to channel siltation, bank erosion, uncontrolled waste deposition, hydraulic scour and progressive loss of channel capacity. These problems are particularly critical where shoreline stabilization must be undertaken concurrently with dredging, reclamation and navigation improvement on weak,...
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