-
Research Progress of Polyphenols in the Prevention and Treatment of AD by Regulating Intestinal Flora
Song Chenmeng,
Wu Ming,
Li Chune,
Zhang Jingjing,
Li Xiping
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
43-49
Received:
21 February 2023
Accepted:
30 March 2023
Published:
11 April 2023
Abstract: The human gut microbiota is known as the "second brain". Intestinal flora is a large number of microorganisms in the human gut, which is a highly diverse bacterial homeostasis system. If this homeostasis is out of balance, the intestinal flora will be disturbed, which will affect the physical health. A growing body of research has shown that intestinal flora participates in two-way communication between gut and brain through gut-brain axis (GBA) and is strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). At present, there is still a lack of effective treatment for AD. Recent studies have shown that polyphenols play a neuroprotective role by exerting their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This topic refers to a large number of recent literatures in the same field and makes a comprehensive review of them. It was found that polyphenols with complex structure could not be directly digested and absorbed by human organism, and their bioavailability was low, which affected the effective play of their health effects. The secretory enzymes in the intestinal flora convert them into small molecular metabolites that are biologically active and easy for the body to absorb. At the same time, polyphenols can the composition and function of intestinal flora by acting on its growth or metabolism, and further act on immune, endocrine and intestinal neural pathways in GBA, forming a complex network of relationships. By exerting its neuroprotective effect, it is expected to achieve the purpose of preventing and treating AD.
Abstract: The human gut microbiota is known as the "second brain". Intestinal flora is a large number of microorganisms in the human gut, which is a highly diverse bacterial homeostasis system. If this homeostasis is out of balance, the intestinal flora will be disturbed, which will affect the physical health. A growing body of research has shown that intest...
Show More
-
Research and Analysis on the Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19 Patients After the Full Opening of Epidemic Prevention and Control - A Population Based Study
Wen Jing,
Liu Chao,
Yang Qing,
Liu Qiang
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
50-54
Received:
19 March 2023
Accepted:
6 April 2023
Published:
15 April 2023
Abstract: Research background: Since the gradual liberalization of the epidemic in China in November 2022, economic activities have gradually resumed, the incidence of COVID-19 admitted to our hospital has gradually decreased, the symptoms and the toxicity have gradually decreased. Objective: By analyzing the research and analysis of the treatment of patients infected with COVID-19 infection in the Third People's Hospital of Sichuan Province from December 2022 to February 2023, can help to understand the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 virus infection after the opening of the epidemic in China, and guide patients to standardize medical treatment. The follow-up research and treatment of COVID-19 after the epidemic is released for reference. Research method: inclusion standard: patients with COVID-19 pharyngeal swab test positive. We used the "Case Information System and Prevention and Control System" to carry out statistical analysis and retrospectively study of theCOVID-19 infection since the opening of the epidemic. Research results: In this study, the total number of outpatient visits to respiratory medicine in the Third People's Hospital of Sichuan Province from December 1, 2022 to February 28, 2023 was 4,582 people/90 days. The total hospitalization rate was 7.88% (361/4582), due to the COVID-19 infection is 1.55% (71/4582); men account for 0.94%, women account for 0.61%, and the total mortality rate after hospitalization is 1.10% (4/361), and the total mortality rate of patients after the novel COVID-19 infection is 0. 55% (2/361), as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3. After national vaccination, the main symptoms of patients infected with COVID-19 are fever, soreness all over the body, mainly lung invasion changes, the number of severe patients and respiratory failure is small, indicating that its toxicity is reduced. With the largest number of cases in the 50-75-year-old group, accounting for 36.61% (26/71) and a mortality rate of 2.82% (2/71). Common with respiratory failure and abnormal liver function. The more complications, the older age, the more days of hospitalization, and the higher cost of hospitalization. Conclusion: Since the vaccination against the COVID-19 in China, the mortality rate due to the COVID-19 in our hospital is low, and the incidence of severe clinical manifestations is low, which shows that the toxicity of COVID-19 infection has gradually decreased with COVID-19 vaccination. This study found that the older patients with multiple complications, the more hospitalization days, the higher the cost of hospitalization. For elderly patients with a variety of complications and complications, recommended to be hospitalized in time.
Abstract: Research background: Since the gradual liberalization of the epidemic in China in November 2022, economic activities have gradually resumed, the incidence of COVID-19 admitted to our hospital has gradually decreased, the symptoms and the toxicity have gradually decreased. Objective: By analyzing the research and analysis of the treatment of patient...
Show More
-
Dietary Patterns and Hyperuricemia in Adult Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Can Liu,
Xiaolong Li,
Feifei Li
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
55-67
Received:
4 March 2023
Accepted:
10 April 2023
Published:
15 April 2023
Abstract: Dietary patterns have been found to be related to hyperuricemia (HUA) in some studies, and it is necessary to gather evidence on the role of nutrition in HUA to provide advice and guidance for the management of chronic diseases. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the correlation between dietary patterns and HUA risk. We searched seven electronic databases up to 31 January 2023 for studies that investigated adherence to the “Healthy” pattern and “Meat/Western” pattern in relation to HUA. Estimates were pool using random-effects models with stratification by observational study, heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated. 10 observational studies that identified the “Healthy” and the “Meat/Western” dietary patterns were included in the meta-analysis. The “Healthy” pattern was associated with the reduction of HUA risk (odds ratio (OR) = 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61–0.88) and significantly decreased it in cohort study (OR=0.79; 95% CI: 0.72–0.86) and in Eastern countries (OR=0.79; 95% CI: 0.64–0.98) and Western countries (OR=0.53; 95% CI: 0.30–0.92). The “Meat/Western” pattern was related to increased HUA risk (OR=1.26; 95% CI: 1.17–1.37) and the association still existed in the stratified analysis by study design. The “Healthy” and “Meat/Western” patterns are significantly associated with the reduction and elevation of HUA risk, respectively. This provides a reasonable evidence base to evaluate the role of dietary interventions to prevent HUA.
Abstract: Dietary patterns have been found to be related to hyperuricemia (HUA) in some studies, and it is necessary to gather evidence on the role of nutrition in HUA to provide advice and guidance for the management of chronic diseases. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the correlation between dietary patterns and HUA r...
Show More
-
Examination and Improvement of China's Medical Assistance System — Based on 964 Local Legislative Texts
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
68-77
Received:
5 March 2023
Accepted:
10 April 2023
Published:
15 April 2023
Abstract: Since medical assistance is a livelihood security system for the poor to obtain basic medical services, the construction and improvement of medical assistance system is an important component of social security and livelihood security of a country or region. This paper has selected 41 provinces and cities to investigate the effective local legislation of medical assistance since the current legal construction of medical assistance in China is basically led by local legislation. The total number of valid samples is 964 local legislative texts. This paper examines the local legislative model of medical assistance in China, local legislation hierarchy and legislative subjects, medical assistance handling service mechanism, Medical assistance fund raising, medical assistance objects and identification, methods of medical assistance, standards of medical assistance, and other aspects through samples analysis. It can be seen that under the administrative pattern of "multi-ministry co-governance", the local legislation of medical assistance is fragmented and has a low legislative level. At the same time, there are problems in various regions, for example extensive handling service mechanism, unclear financing responsibility, missing scope of aid objects, single aid method and great difference in aid standards. Then it summarizes the problems existing in local legislation and analyzes the hidden legal principles, while the unified medical assistance regulations should be formulated under the centralized and unified management system of the National Healthcare Security Administration, so as to improve the handling service mechanism, clarify the financing responsibility, undertake comprehensive standards to identify the recipients of assistance, and determine the scientific methods and standards of assistance.
Abstract: Since medical assistance is a livelihood security system for the poor to obtain basic medical services, the construction and improvement of medical assistance system is an important component of social security and livelihood security of a country or region. This paper has selected 41 provinces and cities to investigate the effective local legislat...
Show More
-
Spermic Toxicity Test of Medical Devices for Assisted Reproductive Technology
Lian Huan,
Han Qianqian,
Fu Zhihao,
Wang Junzhi
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
78-81
Received:
7 March 2023
Accepted:
10 April 2023
Published:
15 April 2023
Abstract: China has been putting great effort to promote the human assisted reproduction technology (ART) but impose a stringent regulation over the market at the same time. Thus, the safety and effectiveness tests at pre-clinical stage became even more important. Human sperm toxicity test can be used to evaluate the potential effects ART products have on human gametes. To provide a thorough summary and analysis over sperm toxicity evaluation of medical devices for ART operation, as well as to forecast its future direction, currently available test methods and evaluation indicators related to human sperm were elaborated here. However, no test can apply for all kinds of products. It especially holds water in ART field. Not mention the resource of human sperm is scarce worldwide. Thus, this method’s weakness and risk points were stated. Besides, possible alternative approaches for further improvement were also provided. The main purpose of pre-clinical tests and the market supervision never is to impede the progress of the industry, but to provide a reliable and robust system that cultivates competent and creative researchers as well as companies. Ultimately, by pulling government, hospital and industry together, we are able to achieve the primal goal of ART, happily having healthy offspring.
Abstract: China has been putting great effort to promote the human assisted reproduction technology (ART) but impose a stringent regulation over the market at the same time. Thus, the safety and effectiveness tests at pre-clinical stage became even more important. Human sperm toxicity test can be used to evaluate the potential effects ART products have on hu...
Show More
-
Epidemiological Profile of 60-year-old Drug Addicts at the Center for Integrated Addiction Care at Fann Hospital from 2015 to 2019
Cheikh Tacko Diop,
Idrissa Ba,
Martial Coly Bop,
Mountaga Elimane Dia,
Boubacar Gueye,
Papa Gallo Sow,
Alioune Badara Tall,
Abdoul Aziz Ndiaye,
Hamza Batane,
Ousseynou Ka
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
82-87
Received:
9 September 2022
Accepted:
3 April 2023
Published:
20 April 2023
Abstract: Studies on the use of psychoactive substances among the elderly are almost non-existent and yet ageing alone could be a determinant of addiction to these substances for this category of population. Our work consists in determining the epidemiological profile of people aged 60 years and over who use psychoactive substances and who are followed up at the integrated addiction management center of the Fann University Hospital in Dakar. This was a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical cross-sectional study of people aged 60 years and older who were followed up at the integrated addiction management center during the period from March 1, 2015 to August 1, 2019. The proportion of elderly people was 6% with a male predominance (91.4%). The majority of users was urban (71.4%), lived with their families (74.3%), and had stayed abroad (65.7%). Only 0.3% of the users started using APS after the age of 60 and the majority of them had been abroad (80.4%). Heroin was the most used drug (50%), with the determinants being a stay abroad and an urban environment, whereas for cannabis it was the absence of a stay abroad and a rural environment. Dependence was severe for 91.3% of the users. Psychiatric comorbidity concerned 15% of the users, dominated by depressive and anxiety disorders, while somatic comorbidity was 42.1%, dominated by viral and metabolic diseases. Withdrawal had concerned only 7.1% of users. The prescribed treatment consisted only of methadone for (32.9%) of the users. Elderly people using psychoactive substances had started this consumption before the age of 60 years and recommendations were formulated for their protection against these substances. Key words: elderly people, psychoactive substances, addiction, integrated addiction care center, Fann Hospital in Dakar.
Abstract: Studies on the use of psychoactive substances among the elderly are almost non-existent and yet ageing alone could be a determinant of addiction to these substances for this category of population. Our work consists in determining the epidemiological profile of people aged 60 years and over who use psychoactive substances and who are followed up at...
Show More
-
Urogenital Schistosomiasis Transmission and Human Water Contact Activities in Owena Reservoir/Dam, Ondo East Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria
Bayo Joshua Peletu,
Ifeanyi Emmanuel Ofoezie,
Aloysius Obinna Ikwuka
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
88-96
Received:
22 March 2023
Accepted:
7 April 2023
Published:
20 April 2023
Abstract: Background: This study on urogenital schistosomiasis transmission and the roles played by human water contact activities was carried out in selected three communities viz Owena, Kajola and Baiken, bordering Owena Reservoir/Dam in Ondo East Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria for a period of twenty four months. Objective: To ascertain the effects of human water contact activities on urogenital schistosomiasis transmission. Materials and Methods: Each site was observed for water contact activities once every month for twenty-four months. Observation was made at each site in February (dry season), May (early rainy season), August (rainy season) and November (early dry season). During this period, records were taken about individuals entering and leaving the water. Various types of human water contact activities were grouped on the basis of general purpose of contact. With regards to degree of body exposure and mean duration of contacts; using canoe, fetching water, washing household utensils, sorting fish and washing exposed limbs, all involved exposure of only parts of the lower limbs (foot and leg) and or the upper limbs (hand and forearm) for a brief period of time grouped as partial contact activities. Water contact activities consist of washing clothes and fish nets, processing food products (such as cassava and palm oil) may involve exposure of most parts of the lower and/or the upper limbs for a longer period. Swimming and bathing commonly involve total exposure for a very long time and were designated as complete contacts. Results: General pattern of human water contact activities in the study revealed 34,686 (61.6%) domestic, 15,897 (28.2%) economic, 5,732 (10.2%) recreational and 15 (0.03%) religious activities. Frequency of these activities varied significantly (p<0.05) among stations and seasons but comparable from one year to the other. School children (5-19 years age group) spent more time on exposure than adults who spent more time on partial and limited exposure. As a result, the exposure index was significantly (p<0.001) age dependent and followed the same pattern as duration of contact. Site containing most infected Bulinus globosus snails was site 4 (KAJ 1) at Kajola community with snail infection rate of 9.2% and the same site 4 (KAJ 1) had the highest relative index of exposure (15,063.80) as well as level of total duration (14,215) of contact in minutes. Conclusion: Site 4 (KAJ 1) at Kajola community was the transmission site in Owena Reservoir/Dam, Ondo East Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Abstract: Background: This study on urogenital schistosomiasis transmission and the roles played by human water contact activities was carried out in selected three communities viz Owena, Kajola and Baiken, bordering Owena Reservoir/Dam in Ondo East Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria for a period of twenty four months. Objective: To ascertain the eff...
Show More
-
The Dilemma and Solution of Socialized Extension Work in China's Judicial Administrative Drug Rehabilitation
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
97-102
Received:
6 March 2023
Accepted:
20 April 2023
Published:
24 April 2023
Abstract: The Anti-Drug Law has established a four-in-one drug rehabilitation system, including voluntary drug rehabilitation, community-based drug rehabilitation, compulsory isolation drug rehabilitation, and community rehabilitation. Community rehabilitation, as a consolidation measure after drug rehabilitation, is constrained by factors such as personnel, funding, and technology, which prevent it from fully exerting its function of consolidating drug rehabilitation effects. Social extension, as an extension of the function of compulsory isolation drug rehabilitation facilities, has compensated for the shortcomings of community rehabilitation in terms of professional talent and technical support. However, due to inadequate legal support, different supervisory departments, and overlapping business responsibilities, social extension work currently faces many difficulties. With the development of society and the improvement of understanding of drug rehabilitation laws, the focus of compulsory isolation drug rehabilitation work will not be limited to fixed locations and a period of about two years. Instead, it should leverage advantages in talent, technology, and information to reshape institutions and optimize processes around reducing relapse rates. Through on-site investigations of the current social extension work, it is found that there are currently issues such as incomplete laws and regulations, unconsolidated business processes, no established follow-up care and tracking mechanisms, low social extension service levels, insufficient publicity efforts, and deviation from guiding principles. Based on China's current political, economic, and technological foundations, there is still a lot of room for improvement in the effectiveness of social extension work. From a legal perspective, the legislative process should be accelerated and current laws and regulations should be improved. From a process perspective, business processes should be re-engineered and organizational structures optimized. From a talent perspective, incentive mechanisms should be improved, and professional development strengthened. From a service perspective, employment issues should be emphasized to create a return environment. From an information perspective, digital construction should be accelerated to meet audience needs. From an acceptance perspective, drug prevention publicity should be expanded, and guiding principles clarified. From an iterative perspective, a negotiation platform should be established, and a corrective mechanism constructed.
Abstract: The Anti-Drug Law has established a four-in-one drug rehabilitation system, including voluntary drug rehabilitation, community-based drug rehabilitation, compulsory isolation drug rehabilitation, and community rehabilitation. Community rehabilitation, as a consolidation measure after drug rehabilitation, is constrained by factors such as personnel,...
Show More
-
Redefine the Value of High-End Medical Equipment in the Construction of High-Level Hospitals
Huang Xiaoping,
Guo Zhanxiong,
Mai Dacheng,
Li Guiming,
Chen Guangyuan
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
103-107
Received:
9 March 2023
Accepted:
20 April 2023
Published:
24 April 2023
Abstract: Background: Guangdong Province of China has started the construction of high-level hospitals, and Guangdong Province has started to build the Nogan as a national medical center and a national regional medical center, with the implementation of high-level hospital construction as the traction, to enhance the overall strength of medical and health services in Guangdong Province, and to provide higher quality medical and health services for the people. Objective: The introduction of high-end medical equipment in high-level hospitals is one of the important inputs. The high-level development of hospitals in the new form is inseparable from the configuration of high-end medical equipment. This paper takes the construction of high-level hospitals in Guangdong Province as an example, combined with the significance of the development of high-level hospitals, and repositions the value evaluation of high-end medical equipment. Methods: This study shows the importance of DRG index of high-end medical equipment. Focus on scientific evaluation of the social value of high-end medical equipment, high-end medical equipment continues to play a positive role, especially in promoting hospital teaching, medical treatment and scientific research work, has an irreplaceable role, and it is of great strategic significance to improve the core competitiveness of hospitals. Conclusion: In the construction of high-level hospitals, the social benefits of introducing high-end medical equipment are greater than the economic benefits.
Abstract: Background: Guangdong Province of China has started the construction of high-level hospitals, and Guangdong Province has started to build the Nogan as a national medical center and a national regional medical center, with the implementation of high-level hospital construction as the traction, to enhance the overall strength of medical and health se...
Show More
-
Suggestions on Health and Safety Measures and Epidemic Prevention and Control Measures on Luxury Cruise Ships
Zhenyu Wang,
Yazhou Zhu,
Kechen Li,
Jin Cheng,
Lu Xing
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
108-112
Received:
20 March 2023
Accepted:
19 April 2023
Published:
24 April 2023
Abstract: In recent decades, there have been a number of large-scale infectious diseases on large cruise ships, which has had a huge negative impact on the development of the cruise industry. A large number of passengers and crew members did not receive timely and adequate medical treatment, resulting in illness aggravation and even death. This paper investigates the weaknesses of luxury cruise in the field of public health and epidemic prevention in the law through the analysis of luxury cruise public health events. In the daily operation of large cruise ships, there are also some health and safety loopholes that are not taken seriously. Some shortages of the epidemic prevention and security risks are found in the field of personnel composition, the health security check during boarding, frequent flow of personnel and medical conditions aboard luxury cruise. There are some suggestions on perfecting the existing legal standard system, improving public health management, speeding up the ventilation system upgrade, improving the ability of medical, etc. The above deficiencies are found and summarized in this paper. It analyzes two cases during the COVID-19 outbreak, and gives suggestions on the prevention and control of the epidemic in the case of outbreaks of infectious diseases on luxury cruise ships. It is hoped that under the cooperation and efforts of various parties, a complete epidemic prevention system and emergency response plan will be established, which will help improve the epidemic prevention and control and response capacity of cruise ships.
Abstract: In recent decades, there have been a number of large-scale infectious diseases on large cruise ships, which has had a huge negative impact on the development of the cruise industry. A large number of passengers and crew members did not receive timely and adequate medical treatment, resulting in illness aggravation and even death. This paper investi...
Show More
-
The Physical Activity and Sleep Duration on the Risk of Obesity Among School Children
Azrimaidaliza,
Aurora Andari Amelia,
Denas Symond
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
113-119
Received:
15 March 2023
Accepted:
13 April 2023
Published:
27 April 2023
Abstract: Obesity in school-aged children can be caused by lack of physical exercise and sleep. This study aims to determine the relationship between causal factors and risk and to analyze the confounding variables. Materials and Methods: Case-control design was implemented in two elementary schools Negeri 30 and Kartika I-10. The total sample is 76 students consisting of 38 cases and 38 controls. Secondary data were obtained from a list of elementary school students in each school being analyzed, while primary data were obtained through measurements and interviews. Data processing was performed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. Results: Respondents in the case group engaged in more passive physical activity (78.9 %), and sleep duration was less than 76.3%. Obesity among school-aged children included physical activity (odds ratio [OR], 6.43; CI95% 2.32 to 17.85; p <0.001) and sleep duration (OR=4.43; CI95% 1.65 to 11.89; p-value =0.002). A Multivariate test found that calorie, protein, and fat intake were factors that confounded physical activity and sleep duration. There was a significant relationship between physical activity level (OR=6.43; CI95% 2.32 to 17.85; p<0,001) and duration of sleep (OR=4.43; CI95% 1.65 to 11.89; p=0.002) with the risk of obesity among school children. Conclusion: This study shows that energy, protein, and fat intake are confounding variables of physical activity and obesity risk. Then, energy and fat intake are variables that interfere with sleep duration and the risk of obesity.
Abstract: Obesity in school-aged children can be caused by lack of physical exercise and sleep. This study aims to determine the relationship between causal factors and risk and to analyze the confounding variables. Materials and Methods: Case-control design was implemented in two elementary schools Negeri 30 and Kartika I-10. The total sample is 76 students...
Show More
-
Research on Factors Related to Drug Abuse Relapse Among Patients
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
120-127
Received:
6 March 2023
Accepted:
6 May 2023
Published:
10 May 2023
Abstract: Purpose: To study the influencing factors of the time limit for maintaining abstinence of drug addicts and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of targeted intervention to extend the time limit of ethics. Methods: A total of 237 individuals were randomly selected from 23,350 individuals who were released from compulsory isolation for drug addiction and received long-term follow-up from December 1, 2010 to December 1, 2020. Among them, 215 individuals had relapsed after drug withdrawal (with a duration of maintaining abstinence ranging from 0 to 120 months), and 22 individuals had maintained abstinence after drug withdrawal for more than 120 months were used as the research objects. The relapse reasons self-assessment scale, social regression factors self-assessment scale, and three-dimensional personality scale-curiosity subscale were used to conduct a questionnaire survey to analyze the psychological and social factors influencing drug abuse patients. Results: The differences in the number of times of drug withdrawal, education level, marital status, and duration of drug abuse among drug withdrawal patients with different durations of maintaining abstinence were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The differences in the relapse reasons self-assessment scale among drug withdrawal patients with different durations of maintaining abstinence, such as physiological symptoms, job discrimination, drug-related temptations, rehabilitation effects, and social regression factors such as family acceptance, police acceptance, community services, and drug prohibition policies, were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Except for no significant difference with the control group in NS1 (only significant differences were found in the 49-60 month group, P < 0.05), the differences between drug withdrawal patients with different durations of maintaining abstinence and the control group in NS2, NS3, and NS4 were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Factors affecting relapse include drug-related temptations, rehabilitation effects, job discrimination, family and friends' rejection, psychological symptoms, and personality traits; Factors affecting social regression include family acceptance, economic income, drug prohibition policies, fair treatment, and job opportunities. To intervene in the factors leading to relapse in drug abuse patients, attention should be paid to the first withdrawal, education level, physiological symptoms, job discrimination, drug-related temptations, rehabilitation effects, family acceptance, police acceptance, community services, and drug prohibition policies.
Abstract: Purpose: To study the influencing factors of the time limit for maintaining abstinence of drug addicts and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of targeted intervention to extend the time limit of ethics. Methods: A total of 237 individuals were randomly selected from 23,350 individuals who were released from compulsory isolation for drug...
Show More
-
Correct Understanding and Filling Data Can Improve the DRG’s RW of Inpatients with Malignant Tumor Effectively
Qian Hongying,
Wang Qingwen,
Xiao Xia,
Sun Chunhua,
Guo Xuedan,
Huang Pei
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
128-133
Received:
13 March 2023
Accepted:
6 May 2023
Published:
22 May 2023
Abstract: Objective To investigate the correlation between average cost, average length of stay, diagnosis, surgery or operation and relative weight (RW) of inpatients with malignant tumors and find defects of the data related to DRG. Methods From January 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021, inpatients in the oncology department of a hospital were selected. The data of relative weight, average cost, average length of stay, major diagnosis, other diagnosis, surgery or operation were collected. The stability of RW in different months and the correlation of relative weight, average cost and average length of stay were compared so as the correlation between the primary diagnosis, other diagnosis, surgery or operation and DRG and RW. Results There was no significant difference in RW from January to June, P>0.05. The relative weight, average cost and average length of stay was in the same trend. Errors in major diagnosis, other diagnosis and related surgery or operation led to different DRG groups. And RW increased by 5.83% after adjustment. Conclusion DRG can be used as a method to measure the work efficiency of oncology department. Different diagnosis and the order of surgery or operation can affect the correct group of DRG. Persistent training and dynamic quality control based on continuous improvement are of great important for the accuracy of DRG data.
Abstract: Objective To investigate the correlation between average cost, average length of stay, diagnosis, surgery or operation and relative weight (RW) of inpatients with malignant tumors and find defects of the data related to DRG. Methods From January 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021, inpatients in the oncology department of a hospital were selected. The data of...
Show More
-
Joint Detection of High-Risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HC2 HPV-DNA in Cervical Lesions Screening
Huang Shanshan,
Xu Fengjuan,
Cheng Yan,
Gu Fenghua,
Gu Guojian
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
134-138
Received:
3 April 2023
Accepted:
8 May 2023
Published:
22 May 2023
Abstract: Objective To explore the value of joint detection of high-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HC2 HPV-DNA to the screening of cervical lesions. Methods Totally 869 patients were divided into low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions negative group including normal, inflammation and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) positive group including HSIL, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma confirmed by ThinPrep cytologic test, HC2 HPV-DNA, high-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection and colposcopy biopsy. The pathological result on HSIL positive was as the gold standard to evaluate the value of joint detection of HC2 HPV-DNA and high-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA to the screening of cervical cancer. Results The positive rates of HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HPV-DNA detection in 869 patients were 46.1% and 61.3%, and increased with the severity of cytological grade and cervical level (P<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of HPV E6/E7 mRNA were 97.4% and 64.9%, higher than those of HPV-DNA (89.0%, 44.6%) (P<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of joint detection of HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HPV-DNA were 99.3% and 56.7%. The overall consistency rate and positive consistency rate were higher for HSIL positive (87.6%, 87.0%) than those for HSIL negative (70.5%, 30.5%) (P<0.05). Conclusion The positive expressions of HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HPV-DNA are closely correlated with the severity of cervical lesions, and the joint detection of them two has high sensitivity and specificity.
Abstract: Objective To explore the value of joint detection of high-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HC2 HPV-DNA to the screening of cervical lesions. Methods Totally 869 patients were divided into low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions negative group including normal, inflammation and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and high-grade squamous intraepith...
Show More
-
Factors Associated with Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Comorbidities Who Were Hospitalized in the Different CT-EPI in the Labe Region, Guinea 2020-2022
Jean Konan Kouame,
Sadou Sow,
Abdoulaye Sow,
Alpha Oumar Diallo,
Mamadou Oury Balde,
Kevin Yohou Sylvestre,
Seydou Dia,
Mariama Souaré,
Mamadou Alpha Diallo,
Kadiata Bah,
Alain Ntumba Katende,
Mouctar Kande,
Sekou Solano,
Kassié Fangamou,
Amadou Lamarana Sow,
Mamadou Pathe Bah,
N'Famara Bangoura,
Abdoulaye Barry,
Zeze Beavogui,
Mangue Sylla,
Sekou Sylla,
Issiaga Konate,
Fode Bangaly Duakite,
Mohamed Sankhon,
Dadja Essoya Lando,
Amadou Bailo Diallo,
Jean Marie Kipela
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
139-147
Received:
20 March 2023
Accepted:
13 April 2023
Published:
25 May 2023
Abstract: Coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) shows remarkable symptomatic heterogeneity. To date, only a few demographic and clinical factors, such as advanced age, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, have been associated with poor outcomes and increased risk of mortality from COVID-19. In the Labe region, the lethality of COVID-19 disease remains high in people with comorbidities. In our study, comorbidities were frequently associated with COVID-19 infection and were dominated by hypertension and diabetes. This recognition may help direct efforts toward prevention and management. The objective of the study was to describe the factors associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients with comorbidities hospitalized in the Labe region (Epidemiological Treatment Centers -CT Epi- and home). Methods: The study was carried out in the CT-Epi of COVID-19. It focused on the analysis of 1443 records of patients hospitalized in the CT-Epi of the Labe Region. It was a transversal and analytical study conducted in July 2022. Factors associated with mortality in patients with comorbidities were identified through patient records and content analysis. Results: A total of 1443 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in the Labe region participated in our study, including 244 with comorbidities and 1199 patients with COVID-19 without comorbidities. Among these patients in our study, 823 were men and 620 were women, i.e., a M/F sex ratio of 1.33. The average age was 45 years (Min= 7 years; Max= 99 years). Bivariate analysis showed that there was a statistically significant association between comorbidities and the occurrence of death in patients with COVID-19. There is a positive association between this risk factor, which is comorbidity, and the occurrence of death. Therefore, we say that comorbidities are risk factors that are responsible for the occurrence of death in patients with COVID-19 in the Labe region. Conclusion: In our study, advanced age, hypertension, diabetes, HIV, and chronic lung disease were the main risk factors for hospitalization or death due to COVID-19 in the Labe region. Further research is needed to identify risk factors associated with severe forms and mortality of COVID-19 to optimize management of patients with comorbidities. This study places particular emphasis on the priority targets (people over 60 and people with co-morbidities) of accelerated vaccination campaigns against COVID-19.
Abstract: Coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) shows remarkable symptomatic heterogeneity. To date, only a few demographic and clinical factors, such as advanced age, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, have been associated with poor outcomes and increased risk of mortality from COVID-19. In the Labe region, the lethality of COVID-19 disease remains h...
Show More
-
A Brief Discussion on the Specialty Development System of Chinese Medicine Practitioners in Hong Kong
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
148-152
Received:
5 May 2023
Accepted:
22 May 2023
Published:
29 May 2023
Abstract: Since the Subsidiary Law on Chinese Medicine Registration has been implemented by the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (HK) in 2000, the status of Chinese medicine (CM) has gradually improved. In addition, the first Chinese medicine hospital in HK will be operated in 2025. More and more HK citizens and Chinese medicine practitioners (CMPs) believe that there is a need to develop CM specialties. However, over the years, no major breakthrough in the HK CM specialty system development due to disagreements among CMPs on how to divide CM into specialties. This article aims to find out a possible CM specialty system by discussing the reasonable study time of specialties, treatment methods and diseases, sustainable development of subspecialties, and characteristics of CM. It is recommended that a three-year basic training on CM treatment skills, which are "Chinese Materia Medica", "Acupuncture and Moxibustion" and "Tuina", plus three-year advanced training on a disease basis by an independent specialist college. This structure provides a comparable structure to the current Western medicine specialty system with the possibility and feasibility for continuing development of the CM specialists that can temporarily satisfy the opinions of all parties. This suggested structure may act as a foundation to facilitate the discussion in the CM industry.
Abstract: Since the Subsidiary Law on Chinese Medicine Registration has been implemented by the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (HK) in 2000, the status of Chinese medicine (CM) has gradually improved. In addition, the first Chinese medicine hospital in HK will be operated in 2025. More and more HK citizens and Chinese medicine practitioners (CMPs) believe ...
Show More
-
Analysis of Risk Factors for Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events by Carotid Artery Ultrasound
Dong Huiqin,
Wang Yang,
Peng Liu,
Wu Jinhua,
Li Xiujuan
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
153-157
Received:
6 May 2023
Accepted:
23 May 2023
Published:
29 May 2023
Abstract: Objective: Analysis of risk factors for ischemic cerebrovascular events using carotid artery ultrasound. Method: A total of 3500 patients who underwent carotid ultrasound examination at the encephalopathy department of our hospital from March 2022 to March 2023 were selected as the study subjects. 1731 males and 1846 females; the age ranged from 20 to 95 years, with an average of 61.48 ± 12.55 years. All patients were divided into age groups under 40 years of age, 41-60 years of age, and over 60 years of age. According to carotid ultrasound results, the study subjects were divided into normal carotid ultrasound, stenosis rate<50%, and stenosis rate ≥ 50%. To observe the incidence of carotid stenosis, compare the differences in the degree of carotid stenosis among patients of different ages and diseases, and use logistic regression analysis to analyze the influencing factors of carotid artery stenosis and predict the risk of ischemic cerebrovascular events. Result: Of the 3500 patients, 2609 had carotid stenosis, with a detection rate of 74.54%. Among them, the carotid stenosis rate was less than 50% in 2472 cases, and the stenosis rate was ≥ 50% in 137 cases; the positive rate was 74.54%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking history and cerebral infarction were independent risk factors for carotid artery stenosis (P<0.05). Conclusion: Early carotid ultrasound screening and regular reexamination in high-risk stroke populations are necessary. Constructing a logistic regression model based on high-risk factors can predict the risk of cerebrovascular events as early as possible, providing a reliable basis for timely formulation of prevention and treatment measures in clinical practice. There are many factors influencing cerebrovascular events. Regular monitoring of blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood lipids, and determination of arterial stenosis by carotid ultrasound to predict cerebrovascular events are of great significance for the prevention and treatment of stroke high-risk populations. At the same time, attention should be paid to young people, and correctable risk factors should be identified in a timely manner for early intervention to minimize the risk of stroke in asymptomatic populations.
Abstract: Objective: Analysis of risk factors for ischemic cerebrovascular events using carotid artery ultrasound. Method: A total of 3500 patients who underwent carotid ultrasound examination at the encephalopathy department of our hospital from March 2022 to March 2023 were selected as the study subjects. 1731 males and 1846 females; the age ranged from 20...
Show More
-
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards Cervical Cancer Screening Among Rural Women in the South Comoe Region, Côte d'Ivoire in 2020
David Yengui Goore,
Simon Pierre Boni,
Jean Claude Comoe,
Jean Jacques Koffi,
Franck Gnahatin,
Mesmin Adie,
Apollinaire Horo,
Innocent Adoubi
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
158-164
Received:
10 May 2023
Accepted:
26 May 2023
Published:
15 June 2023
Abstract: Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide. In Côte d'Ivoire, it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women. Objective: To describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices of cervical cancer screening among rural women in the South Comoe region in 2020. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in rural communities in Côte d'Ivoire targeting women aged 25 to 55 years. A standardized questionnaire collected the participants' socio-demographic data, their knowledge, attitudes and practice of cervical cancer screening, as well as barriers to cervical cancer screening. A logistic regression was performed to identify the determinants associated with rural screening uptake. Results: 321 adult women with a median of 36.8 [IQR: 30 - 43] years were included, of which 50.2% were out of school and 86.6% had a monthly income of less than 90 USD. Of these, 168 (52.3%) had ever heard of cervical cancer, with 79.2% of them considering themselves uninformed. In addition, 13.4% of women had already screened for cervical cancer. Factors associated with screening practice were age 40 years (aOR= 3.2; IC= [1.3 – 8.3]), and information received about cervical cancer during a mass campaign (aOR= 24.1; IC= [8.8 – 66.2]) or by health care staff (aOR= 3.2; CI= [1.2 - 8.1]). Conclusion: Knowledge and practice of cervical cancer screening is inadequate among rural women. It is therefore important to increase awareness while integrating screening services across the country in order to reduce inequalities in access to care in Côte d'Ivoire.
Abstract: Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide. In Côte d'Ivoire, it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women. Objective: To describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices of cervical cancer screening among rural women in the South Comoe region in 2020. Method: A cross-sectional study was condu...
Show More
-
Knowledge, Perception and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination Amongst Pregnant Women in Adena, Kwara State, Nigeria
Gloria Chijiogor Okeke,
Ifesinachi Kevin Okeke,
Aloysius Obinna Ikwuka,
Francis Chigozie Udeh
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
165-174
Received:
14 May 2023
Accepted:
5 June 2023
Published:
15 June 2023
Abstract: Background: COVID-19 is associated with poor pregnancy and maternal outcomes. COVID-19 vaccination is recommended all over the world, yet the vaccination rate during pregnancy in Nigeria is insignificant. The public health response to the global COVID-19 pandemic varies widely in different regions of Nigeria. Aim: To investigate the knowledge, perception and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination amongst pregnant women in Adena, Kwara State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Sample size of this study consisted of two hundred and thirty (230) respondents. Data including biodata and questions relating to the aim of the study were retrieved using a structured questionnaire. These data were analyzed using the Chi-square technique (χ2) of the SPSS version 23 statistical software. Chi-square tests were used for comparative analysis of the demographic information to perception and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination amongst pregnant women, and to test the research hypotheses at a level of significance set at p<0.05. Results: Mean age of the respondents (pregnant women) was 29.3±6.14 years and the mean parity was 2.3±1.6. 68.7% (n=158) of the women had a tertiary education. 40.9% (94) and 59.1% (136) of the respondents were Christians and Muslims respectively. 73.44% of the respondents had good knowledge about COVID-19 and 57.8% confirmed that they would accept the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. From the research hypotheses tested, this study found that there was a significant difference in the perception of the pregnant women in Adena to COVID-19 vaccination based on their educational qualification (p=1.56624E-20) and age (p=8.53956E-18), but no significant difference was noticed based on their religion (p=0.05). There was a significant difference in the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination amongst the pregnant women based on their educational qualification (p=3.22221E-11) and age (p=0.001473), but no significant difference was observed based on their religion (p=0.23). Conclusion: The general public needs to be sensitized on COVID-19 and any related pandemic at every gathering, e.g., churches, mosques, hospitals, etc. Health systems need to develop national surveillance systems to collect up-to-date clinical, virological, and epidemiological information on trends in human infection with seasonal influenza viruses. Health systems are also advised to keep up-to-date on the latest information concerning pandemics from trusted global sources e.g. World Health Organization (WHO), national sources e.g. Nigerian Centre for Disease Control (NCDC).
Abstract: Background: COVID-19 is associated with poor pregnancy and maternal outcomes. COVID-19 vaccination is recommended all over the world, yet the vaccination rate during pregnancy in Nigeria is insignificant. The public health response to the global COVID-19 pandemic varies widely in different regions of Nigeria. Aim: To investigate the knowledge, perc...
Show More
-
Usefulness of Assessment Tests for Locomotive Syndrome in Young Japanese Women
Maiko Kato,
Kayo Ootani,
Mieko Kagaya,
Michitaka Naito
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
175-179
Received:
17 May 2023
Accepted:
8 June 2023
Published:
21 June 2023
Abstract: Background: Too few studies on the risk of locomotive syndrome in young women have been performed. Aim: To evaluate the relationship between the physique of healthy young Japanese women and their risk of developing locomotive syndrome in the future. Subjects and Methods: Young Japanese women (n=215, mean 19.0 ± standard deviation 0.6 y) were enrolled in the study. Anthropometric measurements were obtained. The participants performed a stand-up test and a two-step test for the assessment of the risk of locomotive syndrome as proposed by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association. Results: In the stand-up test, most participants (61.4%) could stand up from a seated position on one leg from a 30 cm or 40 cm stool. The median (Q1, Q3) of the two-step test was 1.51 (1.41, 1.59). These results were lower than the reference values for people in their 20s reported in the literature [J Orthop Sci 2020; 25: 1084]. In the stand-up test, as compared to the poor performers (stand on both legs from a 10 cm or 20 cm stool), better performers (stand on one leg from a 10 cm stool) had lower body height, weight, waist and hip circumferences, waist/hip ratio, %fat mass, visceral fat area, and lower-leg length and had higher %skeletal muscle and %limb muscle mass. In the two-step test, better performers (1.56–1.93) had longer upper-leg length and higher back muscle strength as compared to poor performers (1.13–1.45). Conclusion: The values obtained in the stand-up test and two-step test for young Japanese women were lower than the reference values reported. Subjects with a smaller physique had an advantage in the stand-up test, and in the two-step test, those with longer upper legs had an advantage. Precision will be necessary in these tests to compensate for stature, particularly higher/lower leg length. The results also indicate that back muscle strength may be an important factor for the two-step test performance.
Abstract: Background: Too few studies on the risk of locomotive syndrome in young women have been performed. Aim: To evaluate the relationship between the physique of healthy young Japanese women and their risk of developing locomotive syndrome in the future. Subjects and Methods: Young Japanese women (n=215, mean 19.0 ± standard deviation 0.6 y) were enroll...
Show More
-
Role of Family, School, and Religious Institutions in the Prevention of Gender-Based Violence (GBV) Among Tertiary Institution Students in Abuja, Nigeria
Emmanuel Adewale Ojo,
Ebenezer Obi Daniel,
David Segun Adeniyi,
Adewuyi Ojo,
Patrick Ikani,
Paul Olaiya Abiodun,
Michael Avwerhota,
Ahmed Mamuda Bello,
Israel Olukayode Popoola,
Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia,
Michael Olabode Tomori,
Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbebon,
Oladapo Michael Olagbegi
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
180-186
Received:
26 May 2023
Accepted:
13 June 2023
Published:
27 June 2023
Abstract: Gender-based violence is a critical issue that impacts people, families, and communities worldwide, and is considered one of the most alarming human rights violations. Despite this, it is often unrecognized and misunderstood, particularly in Nigeria. To address this problem, families, schools, and religious organizations must take an active role in promoting healthy societal norms and attitudes toward gender and relationships. Understanding gender-based violence (GBV) is crucial in addressing the various forms of abuse, such as physical, sexual, and psychological abuse, etc. It is especially important to address GBV among students because education has a significant influence in tackling social challenges. This study assesses the role of the family, schools, and religious institutions in the prevalence of Gender-based violence among tertiary institution students in Abuja, Nigeria. The study adopts a descriptive cross-sectional survey research design to understand the roles of the family, school, and religious organizations in addressing GBV among the study population. The research was carried out among tertiary institution students in Abuja, covering all three major types of institutions in the area. A sample size of 440 participants was determined for the study, using a scientific formula for cross-sectional studies, and stratified sampling to ensure a representative sample. Data was collected through a pre-tested questionnaire with both open and closed-ended questions and analyzed using SPSS. The findings of this study highlight the overwhelming agreement among respondents regarding the need for schools, religious institutions, and families to take proactive measures in addressing gender-based violence. The results show a clear consensus on the importance of creating policies, curriculum-based activities, and awareness programs to educate students, religious leaders, and parents/guardians on how to recognize and respond to GBV. This study recommends that at the family level, parent and guardians should teach their children about the importance of respect for all genders and promote gender equality. Also, schools should establish policies against violence, coordinate violence response, and teach students safe behavior. Religious institutions are also admonished to train their leaders and offer support to victims. All institutions should collaborate to prevent GBV comprehensively.
Abstract: Gender-based violence is a critical issue that impacts people, families, and communities worldwide, and is considered one of the most alarming human rights violations. Despite this, it is often unrecognized and misunderstood, particularly in Nigeria. To address this problem, families, schools, and religious organizations must take an active role in...
Show More
-
Prevalence and Causes of Gender Based Violence (GBV) Among Students in Tertiary Institutions in Abuja, Nigeria
Emmanuel Adewale Ojo,
Ebenezer Obi Daniel,
David Segun Adeniyi,
Adewuyi Ojo,
Patrick Ikani,
Paul Olaiya Abiodun,
Michael Avwerhota,
Ahmed Mamuda Bello,
Israel Olukayode Popoola,
Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia,
Michael Olabode Tomori,
Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbebon,
Oladapo Michael Olagbegi
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
187-194
Received:
26 May 2023
Accepted:
13 June 2023
Published:
27 June 2023
Abstract: Gender-based violence (GBV) is a growing problem in Nigeria, with reports of cases increasing across different regions of the country. This menace has been identified to be associated with different public health challenges and problems. GBV encompasses various forms of abuse, including physical, sexual, and psychological, and it disproportionately affects females, including minors. Understanding GBV among students is vital in addressing the issues relating to GBV because of the influence of education in addressing social challenges. This study, therefore, investigates the prevalence, of GBV, and identifies the causes, and perpetrators of GBV among students of tertiary institutions in Abuja, Nigeria. The study adopts a descriptive cross-sectional survey research design to study the prevalence of all forms of GBV among the study population. The study was conducted among students of tertiary institutions in Abuja, representing the three major types of tertiary institutions in the location. The sample size of 440 respondents was calculated using a scientific sample size formula for cross-sectional studies and stratified sampling was used to ensure adequate representation. A pre-tested well structured standardized questionnaire with open and closed-ended questions was used to collect data, which was analysed using simple descriptive statistics. The prevalence of gender-based violence (GBV) among tertiary institutions in Abuja, Nigeria was found to be high, with 61.9% for physical abuse, 56.4% for psychological abuse, and 25.3% for sexual abuse. The most prevalent form of physical abuse is slapping, while the most prevalent form of sexual abuse is forceful kissing, and the most prevalent form of psychological abuse is insults/criticism. Teachers/instructors were found to be the most significant perpetrators of physical abuse, while non-relatives are the most significant perpetrators of sexual abuse, and fellow students/learners are the most significant perpetrators of psychological abuse. The major causes of GBV are gender norms which include traditional beliefs and practices, religious beliefs and practices, and the belief that males are superior to females. This study highlights the need for a comprehensive strategy to combat GBV effectively. It recommends an urgent approach to combat the prevalence of GBV among the study population, engaging major stakeholders and policymakers.
Abstract: Gender-based violence (GBV) is a growing problem in Nigeria, with reports of cases increasing across different regions of the country. This menace has been identified to be associated with different public health challenges and problems. GBV encompasses various forms of abuse, including physical, sexual, and psychological, and it disproportionately...
Show More
