Anslysis of Heavy Metal Pb, Cd Deposit in Sweet Maize Inbreds
Guihua Lv,
Zhenxing Wu,
Guojin Guo,
Jianjian Chen
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 6, December 2019
Pages:
105-111
Received:
6 August 2019
Accepted:
12 September 2019
Published:
31 October 2019
Abstract: China is one of the countries with serious pollution of heavy metals in cultivated land, which caused much loss to crop yield and quality, especially to sweet maize. In order to analyze dry weight of shoots, roots and spikes and the enrichment characteristics of Pb and Cd of 10 sweet maize inbred lines under moderate Pb, Cd and compound stress of Pb and Cd stress, a pot culture was conducted at room temperature in green house. The result indicates that the Pb and Cd accumulation in sweet maizes shows a trend like roots>leaves>grains. The influence of stress type on dry and fresh weight is as compound stress>Cd stress>Pb stress. The dry and fresh weight affected by stress shows a trend as grains>leaves>roots. According to the yield of grains, SW10 (relative coefficient 0.964) and SW6 (relative coefficient 0.931) was selected as the Pb high tolerance inbred line and Cd high tolerance inbred lines respectively, and the grains' coefficients of fresh weight under compound stress are 0.706 and 0.751 respectively. 3 of 10 inbred lines are screened out, whose grains Cd accumulations are under 0.1mg under Cd stress. 2 of 10 inbred lines are screened out, whose grains Pb accumulations are under 0.1mg under compound stress and 3 of 10 inbred lines are screened out, whose grains Cd accumulations are under 0.1mg under compound stress. The inbred line SW3 is the only material whose Pb and Cd accumulations are neither exceeding the standard. Above research provides astrategy of sweet maize breeding materials under heavy metal stress.
Abstract: China is one of the countries with serious pollution of heavy metals in cultivated land, which caused much loss to crop yield and quality, especially to sweet maize. In order to analyze dry weight of shoots, roots and spikes and the enrichment characteristics of Pb and Cd of 10 sweet maize inbred lines under moderate Pb, Cd and compound stress of P...
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Potential of Small Holder Farmers Agricultural Practices in Enhancing Soil Organic Carbon Stock and Other Selected Soil Physico Properties at Akaki District, Ethiopia
Addisu Wakayo,
Tokuma Urgessa
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 6, December 2019
Pages:
112-120
Received:
20 August 2019
Accepted:
26 October 2019
Published:
6 January 2020
Abstract: Land degradation and extensive use of agricultural lands have led to the decline in soil fertility. To reverse the nutrient deterioration of cultivated lands, farmers have started employing various conservation agriculture practices. This study was initiated to examine the potential of conservation agriculture (integrated practices such as inter cropping, crop rotation, residue retention and minimum tillage) by smallholder farmers to enhance soil organic carbon stock and other selected soil physicochemical properties in Akaki district Bilbilo micro watershed. A systematic sampling method was employed for data collection. Totally 96 composite soil samples (8 plots x 2 systems x 2 replication of site x 3 depth: 0-10cm, 10-20cm and 20-30cm) were collected for analysis. Results showed that soil bulk density (BD) was significantly (p<0.05) varied with practices and depth (p<0.001). It was lower in soil under conservation (0.78 g m-3) than under conventional practice (1.48 gm-3); and in the top layer 0-10 cm (1.21±0.05) than the rest depths. BD showed increasing trend with soil depth across the practices: lower on the top 0-10cm depth (0.78 ±0.03) compared with the rest. The pH was higher (7.28) in conservation than conventional (5.75). The CEC was higher (14.6Cmol (+)/kg) in conservation practice than in the conventional (10.3 cmol (+)/kg). Both pH and CEC had shown increase in the two practices and soil depth due to the leaching of base cation from upper to lower layers. The mean SOC stocks decrease with increasing soil depth about the significant variations with treatments and depth. The SOC stock was higher (110.6t c /h) in conservation practice than in conventional practice (50.22 t/ha). Similarly, total N stocks was also higher (19.5 t c/ha) in conservation practice than in conventional practice (17.4 t c/ha). SOC and total N in both practices had decreased with soil depth due to lower accumulation of organic residue in the lower layer. Likewise, C: N ratios had increases with depth due to similar reason the decrease the amount of soil organic carbon and TN pool (e.g. root biomass) with depth. However, the C: N ratio has higher value in conservation practice (6.51) than in conventional practice (6.05). Most of the measured soil properties were improved in CA aided followed by soil depth compared with conventional agriculture and at soil depth layers ones. The interaction of farming practice types and soil depth also significantly affected all parameters.
Abstract: Land degradation and extensive use of agricultural lands have led to the decline in soil fertility. To reverse the nutrient deterioration of cultivated lands, farmers have started employing various conservation agriculture practices. This study was initiated to examine the potential of conservation agriculture (integrated practices such as inter cr...
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